I-Cognos yokuPhicotha iBhlog-Iingcebiso kunye namaqhinga kwindawo eNkulu kunye neVolumu ePhakamileyo

Ibhlog kaJohn Boyer kunye noMike Norris.

intshayelelo

Kubalulekile ukuba ube nakho ukusebenza kophicotho lweCognos ukuze wazi kwaye uqonde indlela iCognos esetyenziswa ngayo luluntu lwakho lomsebenzisi kwaye uncede ukuphendula imibuzo efana nale:

• • Ngubani osebenzisa le nkqubo?
  • Zithini iingxelo eziqhubayo?
  • Athini amaxesha okubaleka kwengxelo?
  • Ngoncedo lwezinye izixhobo, njenge MotioCI, yeyiphi imixholo engasetyenziswanga?

Ukujonga ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ukugcina iimeko zeCognos Analytics esempilweni, ngelishwa kuncinci okubhaliweyo malunga nendawo yogcino zedatha yayo ngaphaya kwamaxwebhu emveliso esemgangathweni. Mhlawumbi, ithathwa ngokungakhathali, kodwa imibutho eyisebenzisayo iyazi ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha ukubuza iitafile zedatha yoPhicotho-zincwadi kuya kuqala ukucotha- ngakumbi ukuba umbutho wakho unabasebenzisi abaninzi abasebenzisa iingxelo ezininzi kwaye unembali eninzi. Ngaphezu koko, umsebenzi wokuphicothwa kokungena kuwo unokulibaziseka ngenxa yokuba umisiwe emgceni xa ungenakongezwa kwiziko ledatha ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo, umzekelo. Kulapho uqala ukucinga malunga nokusebenza kwedatha njengoko ubunokwenza ngayo nakweyiphi na indawo yokusebenza eneemfuno zokunika ingxelo.

Iitafile ezinkulu ziqhelekile ekusebenzeni kombuzo. Ukuba inkulu itafile, kuthatha ixesha elide ukufaka kunye nokubuza. Khumbula ukuba ezi tafile kunye noVimba weeNkcukacha zoPhicotho ziziseko zedatha yokusebenza; ubhala zenzeka rhoqo kwaye zisebenza ngokuchasene nathi njengoko singenako ukugxila kuzo kwimisebenzi yokufunda kuphela njengoko ubuya kwenza nedatha yemart.

Njengokugcina umxholo, impilo yendawo yeCognos nayo kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo impilo yoVimba weDatha. Ukukhula okungenamda kweDathabheyisi yoPhicotho-zincwadi kunokuba ngumcimbi ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye kungade kuchaphazele nokusebenza kweCognos. Kwimibutho emininzi enemigaqo engaphandle ejolise kubo, ukungabinayo irekhodi epheleleyo yophicotho-zincwadi kunokubafaka kwimeko yokungathobeli kunye neziphumo ezinzima. Ke sijongana njani nokugcina idatha eninzi kangaka ukulungiselela iinjongo zophicotho-zembali- kwezinye iimeko ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka eli-10 -sisafumana ingxelo ekufuneka siyenzile ukugcina indalo kunye nokugcina abasebenzisi bonwabile ngomsebenzi?

Umngeni

• • Ukukhula okungasikelwanga mda koVimba weeNkcukacha zoPhicotho kunefuthe elibi kwimo engqongileyo yeCognos
  • Ukunika ingxelo ngeZiko ledatha kuphicothwa okanye akunakusebenziseka
  • Amava okuqonda ukulibaziseka kwiirekhodi ezibhalwa kwindawo yogcino zincwadi
  • Indawo yogcino zincwadi iyaphelelwa yindawo yediski

Konke oku kuthetha ukuba ayizongxelo ezixhomekeke kuVimba weDatha osokolayo, kodwa ihlala iyinkqubo yonke. Ukuba ugcino lwedatha luseva kwivenkile yomxholo weCognos, ukusebenza kwazo zonke izinto zeCognos kuya kuchaphazeleka kuloo meko.

Iseto

Sicinga:

1. 1. I-Cognos Analytics ifakwe kwaye isebenza
   2. IiCognos zilungiselelwe ukuba zingene kwindawo yogcino zincwadi
   1. • Yiba neDatabase yoPhicotho
      • Cwangcisa amanqanaba afanelekileyo okungena kwi-Cognos
      • Ukurekhodwa kubhalwa kwindawo yogcino lwedatha yiCognos
   3. Iziko ledatha loPhicotho-zincwadi lisetyenzisiwe ngaphezulu konyaka
   4. Ubume bendalo busebenza kakhulu kubasebenzisi kunye nokwenza
   5. Iphakheji yoPhicotho-zincwadi isetyenziselwa ukuveza idatha yeCognos yokusetyenziswa
   6. Sijonge ukuphucula indawo ekugcinwa kuyo ingxelo yoPhicotho zincwadi
   7. Ukuqala ngaphezulu okanye ukucima iirekhodi ezindala akusoloko kuyinto ekunokukhethwa kuyo

Ukuba awukenzi, okwangoku, uneCognos Audit efakiweyo kwaye emiselweyo, Isisombululo seLodestar, a Motio iqabane, unalo obalaseleyo isikhundla ekwenzeni uphicotho zincwadi kwiCognos BI / CA.

the Solution

Kukho ezinye zezisombululo ezinokubakho ngokukhawuleza:

1. 1. Ukunciphisa ivolumu yedatha ngo:
   1. • Ukuhambisa enye idatha endala kwenye indawo yogcino lwedatha
      • Ukuhambisa enye idatha endala kwenye itafile kwiziko ledatha elifanayo
   2. Cima nje okanye iArchive enye yedatha kwaye ungakhathazeki ngayo
   3. Hlala nayo. Khaba ikani phantsi road kwaye tyhala uMlawuli weDatabase ukuze usebenze
      ukuphucula ngelixa ubabopha ngesandla ngokungavumeli utshintsho kwischema okanye
      iinkomba

Asizukujongana nokukhetha 3. Ukhetho 2, ukucima idatha, ayisiyonto ilungileyo kwaye ndingacebisa ukugcina ubuncinci iinyanga ezili-18 ubuncinci. Kodwa, ukuba utyekele kangaka, i-IBM ibonelela ngento eluncedo, Uphicotho-zincwadi (ICognos BI) okanye a elishicilelwe (Cognos Analytics) eya kwenza kanye loo nto. Ukusetyenziswa kweCognos BI kususa iirekhodi ngokusekwe kwisitampu ngexesha ngelixa izikripthi zeCognos Analytics zisusa isalathiso kunye neetafile.

Iingcebiso esithe sazenza kubathengi ngaphambili kule nto yayiza kuba ziindawo ezimbini zolwazi:

1. 1. Uphicotho-lokuPhila: iqulethe eyona datha yeveki yakutshanje
   2. Uphicotho-zembali: inedatha yezembali (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-N iminyaka)

Ngamafutshane, inkqubo iqhuba ngeveki yokuhambisa iirekhodi zakutshanje ezivela kuPhicotho oluPhila ngokuya kwiMbali yoPhicotho zincwadi. Uphicotho-zincwadi oluPhila luqala ngaphezulu njengesileyiti esingenanto emva kokuba le nkqubo iqhubekile.

1. 1. I-DB ebukhoma iyakhawuleza kwaye iqinile, ivumela ukufakwa ukuba kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza okukhulu
   2. Imibuzo yophicotho-zincwadi ijolise ngokukodwa kwi-DB yezeMbali

Sebenzisa le ndlela, akukho "kuthungelana kunye" kwedatha ebukhoma kunye nedatha yeMbali. Ndingaphikisana ukuba mhlawumbi ufuna ukuyigcina injalo.

Kulawulo lweCognos, unokongeza unxibelelwano ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zoMthombo weDatha yoPhicotho. Xa umsebenzisi eqhuba ingxelo ngokuchasene nephakheji yoPhicotho-zincwadi, bayalelwa ukuba loluphi unxibelelwano abafuna ukulusebenzisa:

Kwimeko apho ufuna ukujonga idatha yophicotho ephilayo kunedatha yophicotho zembali, khetha unxibelelwano oluthi "Audit - Live" xa ucelwa (kufanele ukuba kube njalo, hayi okuqhelekileyo.)

Ukuba ngenene ufuna ukubonelela ngombono odityanisiweyo wokuPhila kunye neMbali, ungakwenza oko, kodwa kuya kuba nefuthe ekusebenzeni.

Umzekelo, unokwenza i-Database yesi-3 ebizwa ngokuba yi "Audit - Consolidated View" kwaye emva koko, kwitafile nganye kwi-schema yoPhicotho-zincwadi yembali DB. Ngokufanayo, oku kunokufezekiswa kwimodeli yoMphathi weSakhelo, kodwa, kwakhona, ukusebenza kuya kuba yinto ephambili.

Abanye babathengi bethu benze umbono odityanisiweyo. Luluvo lwethu ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungaphezulu. Ukusebenza kuya kuhlala kubi ngakumbi kolu luvo luhlanganisiweyo kwaye asizukufumana iimeko ezininzi zokusebenzisa ezisebenzisa zombini iiseti zedatha ngoku kunye neMbali. Okuphilayo kusetyenziselwa ukusombulula ingxaki kunye nembali yokunika ingxelo ngokuqhubekayo.

Ukusukela ngeCognos Analytics 11.1.7, ugcino lwedatha lukhule laba ziitafile ezingama-21. Unokufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya kwenye indawo kwindawo yogcino zincwadi, iisampulu zengxelo zophicotho kunye neModeli yoLawulo loMgaqo-sikhokelo. Inqanaba lokungena ngokusisiseko lincinci, kodwa unokufuna ukusebenzisa inqanaba elilandelayo, esiSiseko, ukufaka izicelo zokusebenzisa, ulawulo lweakhawunti yomsebenzisi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwexesha. Enye indlela onokugcina ngayo ukusebenza kwenkqubo kukugcina inqanaba lokungena kwelona nqanaba liphantsi lifunekayo. Ngokucacileyo, ukungena ngemvume okwenziwa ngumncedisi, kokukhona ukusebenza kweseva kunokuchaphazeleka.

Iitafile eziphambili uninzi lwabalawuli ziya kuba nomdla kuzo ziitafile ezi-6 ezifaka umsebenzi womsebenzisi kunye nomsebenzi wokunika ingxelo kwinkqubo.

• COGIPF_USERLOGON: Igcina umsebenzisi we-logon (kubandakanya ne-log off) ulwazi
• COGIPF_RUNREPORT: Igcina ulwazi malunga nokwenza ingxelo
• COGIPF_VIEWREPORT: Igcina ulwazi malunga nezicelo zokujonga ingxelo
• COGIPF_EDITQUERY: Igcina ulwazi malunga nokusebenza kwemibuzo
• COGIPF_RUNJOB: Igcina ulwazi malunga nezicelo zomsebenzi
• COGIPF_ACTION: Rekhoda isenzo somsebenzisi kwiiCognos (le tafile inokukhula ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi kunenye)

Ukucwangciswa kwangaphandle kwebhokisi kujongeka njengoku:

Uqwalaselo olucetyiswayo:

Ugcino lwedatha yeCognos Audit -NgokuBukhoma iqulethe iveki enye yedatha yophicotho. Idatha emdala kune-1 iveki ihanjiselwe kwindawo yogcino lwedatha yeCognos-yeMbali.

Umgca osuka kwindawo yogcino zincwadi zeCognos Database -Bukhoma kwiDathabheyisi yoPhicotho lweCognos-Ezembali kumzobo ujongene:

• Ukukopa idatha ukusuka kuPhicotho-zincwadi oluBukhoma kuPhicotho lweMbali
• Susa yonke imiqolo kuPhicotho-zincwadi oluBukhoma emdala kuneveki enye
• Susa yonke imiqolo kuPhicotho-zincwadi oluDala kune-x iminyaka
• Susa yonke imiqolo kwi-COGIPF_ACTION emdala kuneenyanga ezi-6

Izalathiso

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zedatha zineentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesalathiso. Isalathiso sedatha sisakhiwo sedatha, esidityaniswa neTafile (okanye Jonga), esetyenziselwa ukuphucula ixesha lokuphunyezwa kwemibuzo xa kufunyanwa idatha etafileni (okanye Jonga). Sebenza ne-DBA yakho ukwenza isicwangciso esifanelekileyo. Bazakufuna ukwazi iimpendulo kwimibuzo enje ngezi ukuze benze ezona zigqibo zibalaseleyo kwiikholamu zesalathiso. Ngokucacileyo, umphathi wedatha unokufumana iimpendulo kwenye okanye kuyo yonke le mibuzo ngaphandle koncedo lwakho, kodwa kungathatha uphando kunye nexesha elithile:

• Zingaphi iirekhodi ezinazo iitafile kwaye ulindele ukuba zikhule kangakanani? (Isalathiso setafile asizukunceda ngaphandle kokuba itafile inenani elikhulu leerekhodi.)
• Ngaba uyazi ukuba zeziphi iikholamu ezizodwa? Ngaba bayawavumela amaxabiso e-NULL? Zeziphi iikholamu ezinodidi lwedatha olupheleleyo okanye inani elipheleleyo? )
• Ziphi iingxaki zakho eziphambili zomsebenzi namhlanje? Ngaba bakwindlela yokufumana idatha? Ngaba kukho imibuzo ethile okanye iingxelo ezingaphezulu kwengxaki? (Oku kunokukhokelela kumlawuli wedatha kwezinye iikholamu ezithile ezinokulungiswa.)
• Ngawaphi amasimi asetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iitafile zokwenza ingxelo?
• Zeziphi iinkalo ezisetyenziselwa ukuhluza, ukuhlela, kunye nokudibanisa?

Akumangalisi ukuba le mibuzo inye iya kufuna ukuphendulwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwazo naziphi na iitafile zedatha.

Inkxaso ye-IBM khuthaza ukwenza isalathiso kwiikholamu "COGIPF_REQUESTID", "COGIPF_SUBREQUESTID", kunye ne "COGIPF_STEPID" kwezi tafile zilandelayo ukuphucula ukusebenza:

• COGIPF_NATIVEQUERY
• COGIPF_RUNJOB
• COGIPF_RUNJOBSTEP
• COGIPF_RUNREPORT
• COGIPF_EDITQUERY

Kwaye kwezinye iitafile ezingasetyenziswanga:

• COGIPF_POWERPLAY
• COGIPF_HUMANTASKSERVICE
• COGIPF_HUMANTASKSERVICE_DETAIL

Ungayisebenzisa le njengesiqalo, kodwa ndiza kuhamba nomsebenzi wokuphendula le mibuzo ingentla ukuze ndifumane eyona mpendulo ilungileyo yombutho wakho.

nezinye izinto

1. Imodeli yoPhicotho lwe-FM. Khumbula ukuba imodeli yoMphathi weNkqubo-sikhokelo ebonelelwa yi-IBM imodareyithwa kwiitafile nakwimihlaba emiselweyo. Naluphi na utshintsho olwenzayo kwiitheyibhile zokunika ingxelo luya kudinga ukubonakaliswa kwimodeli. Ukukhululeka okanye ukuntsonkotha kolu tshintsho-okanye ubuchule bokulungelelanisa ukwenza olu tshintsho-kunokuchaphazela isisombululo osikhethayo.
2. Iinkalo ezongezelelweyo. Ukuba uza kuyenza, ngoku lixesha lokongeza iinkalo ezongezelelweyo zomxholo okanye idatha yesalathiso ukuphucula ukunika ingxelo ngophicotho.
3. Isishwankathelo setafile. Endaweni yokukhuphela idatha kwitafile yakho yembali, yicinezele. Ungayidibanisa idatha kwinqanaba lomhla ukuyenza isebenze ngakumbi ekunikeni ingxelo.
4. Ukujonga endaweni yeetafile. Abanye bathi, “Ke, endaweni yokuba ube nesiseko sedatha 'yangoku' kunye neenkcukacha 'zembali', kufuneka ube nesiseko esinye kuphela, kwaye zonke iitafile ezikulo kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo yokuqala 'nembali'. Emva koko, kufuneka wenze iseti yeembono, enye kwitafile nganye ofuna ukuyibona 'njengangoku', kwaye umbono ngamnye ucofe imigca yezembali ongafuniyo ukuyibona mayiyeke kuphela eyangoku. ”
   https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/276395/two-database-architecture-operational-and-historical/276419#276419

isiphelo

Eyona nto iphambili kukuba ngolwazi olunikezwe apha kuya kufuneka ulungele ukuba ube nengxoxo enemveliso kunye ne-DBA yakho. Amathuba alungile ukuba asombulule iingxaki ezifanayo ngaphambili.

Utshintsho olucetywayo kulwakhiwo lweDatabase yoCando lweCognos luya kuphucula ukusebenza kokubika ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweqela lesithathu elixhomekeke kulo, njenge Motio's ReportCard Uluhlu lweempahla.

Ngendlela, ukuba ubunencoko ne-DBA yakho, singathanda ukuva ngayo. Siyakuthanda nokuva ukuba uwusombulule umba woVimba weDatha woPhicotho olungaqhubi kakuhle kunye nendlela oyenze ngayo.