AI: Bokosi la Pandora kapena Innovation

Kupeza malire pakati pa kuthetsa mafunso atsopano omwe AI imadzutsa ndi zabwino zaukadaulo

Pali zinthu ziwiri zazikulu zokhudzana ndi AI ndi luntha. Chimodzi ndicho kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili. Wogwiritsa amalowetsa zomwe zili m'njira yomwe AI imachitapo kanthu. Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pa zomwe AI atayankha? China ndi kupanga kwa AI. AI imagwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms ake ndi chidziwitso cha data yophunzitsira kuti iyankhe mwachangu ndikutulutsa zotuluka. Poganizira mfundo yoti idaphunzitsidwa pazinthu zomwe zili ndi copyright ndi zinthu zina zaluntha, kodi buku lotulutsa ndilokwanira kukopera?

AI amagwiritsa ntchito luntha

Zikuwoneka ngati AI ndi ChatGPT zili m'nkhani tsiku lililonse. ChatGPT, kapena Generative Pre-trained Transformer, ndi AI chatbot yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kumapeto kwa 2022 ndi OpenAI. ChatGPT imagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa AI womwe waphunzitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Kampani yopanda phindu, OpenAI, pakadali pano imapereka mtundu waulere wa ChatGPT womwe amawutcha chithunzithunzi cha kafukufuku. "OpenAI API itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi ntchito iliyonse yomwe imakhudza kumvetsetsa kapena kupanga chilankhulo, ma code, kapena zithunzi. “(gwero). Kuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito Chezani ndi GPT monga kukambirana kotseguka ndi wothandizira AI (kapena, Marv, malo ochezera achipongwe omwe amayankha mafunso monyinyirika), angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ku:

• Tanthauzirani zilankhulo zamapulogalamu - Tanthauzirani kuchokera kuchilankhulo china kupita ku china.
• Fotokozani kachidindo - Fotokozani kachidutswa kakang'ono ka code.
• Lembani docstring ya Python - Lembani docstring pa ntchito ya Python.
• Konzani nsikidzi mu Python code - Pezani ndi kukonza zolakwika mu code source.

Kukhazikitsidwa mwachangu kwa AI

Makampani opanga mapulogalamu akuyesetsa kuti aphatikize AI muzogwiritsa ntchito. Pali bizinesi yaying'ono kuzungulira ChatGPT. Ena amapanga mapulogalamu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma API ake. Pali ngakhale tsamba limodzi lomwe limadzilipira lokha ngati a ChatGPT msika wachangu. Amagulitsa zolimbikitsa za ChatGPT!

Samsung inali kampani imodzi yomwe idawona kuthekera ndikulumphira pagulu. Katswiri wina wa ku Samsung adagwiritsa ntchito ChatGPT kuti amuthandize kukonza zolakwika ndikumuthandiza kukonza zolakwikazo. Kwenikweni, mainjiniya katatu kosiyana adayika IP yamakampani ngati ma code source ku OpenAI. Samsung idaloledwa - magwero ena amati, adalimbikitsidwa - mainjiniya ake mugawo la semiconductor kuti agwiritse ntchito ChatGPT kukhathamiritsa ndikukonza chinsinsi chachinsinsi. Hatchi yamwambiyi itayitanidwa kuti ipite kubusa, Samsung idatseka chitseko cha barani ndikuchepetsa zomwe adagawana ndi ChatGPT kuchepera pa tweet ndikufufuza ogwira nawo ntchito pakutayikira kwa data. Tsopano ikuganiza zopanga chatbot yakeyake. (Chithunzi chopangidwa ndi ChatGPT - chotheka mopanda dala, ngati sichoseketsa, kuyankha mwachangu, "gulu la akatswiri opanga mapulogalamu a Samsung omwe amagwiritsa ntchito OpentAI ChatGPT kukonza ma code apulogalamu akazindikira modabwitsa komanso modabwitsa kuti mankhwala otsukira m'mano atuluka mu chubu. adawulula luntha lakampani pa intaneti ”.)

Kusankha kuphwanya chitetezo ngati "kudontha" kungakhale dzina lolakwika. Mukayatsa bomba, sikungotuluka. Mofananamo, zilizonse zomwe mungalowe mu OpenAI ziyenera kuonedwa ngati zapagulu. Ndiye OPEN AI. Zimatchedwa kutseguka pazifukwa. Chilichonse chomwe mungalowe mu ChatGpt chingagwiritsidwe ntchito "kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zawo za AI kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi iwo komanso/kapena anzawo ogwirizana nawo pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana." (gwero.) OpenAI imachenjeza ogwiritsa ntchito ake kutsogolera: “Sitingathe kuchotsa zidziwitso zenizeni mu mbiri yanu. Chonde osagawana zambiri pazokambirana zanu, "ChatGPT imaphatikizanso chenjezo m'mawu ake mayankho, "Chonde dziwani kuti macheza ochezera amapangidwa ngati chiwonetsero ndipo sanapangidwe kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito popanga."

Samsung si kampani yokhayo yomwe ikutulutsa zidziwitso zaumwini, zachinsinsi komanso zachinsinsi kuthengo. Kafukufuku kampani adapeza kuti chilichonse kuyambira zolemba zamakampani mpaka mayina a odwala komanso matenda achipatala zidakwezedwa mu ChatGPT kuti ziunike kapena kukonzedwa. Detayo ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ChatGPT kuphunzitsa injini ya AI ndikuwongolera ma aligorivimu achangu.

Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri sadziwa momwe zidziwitso zawo zodziwikiratu zimasamaliridwa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kusungidwa kapena kugawana nawo. Ziwopsezo zapaintaneti ndi zowopsa pakucheza kwa AI ndizovuta zazikulu zachitetezo ngati bungwe ndi machitidwe ake asokonezedwa, zomwe zasungidwa, zabedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zoyipa.

Chikhalidwe cha AI kucheza ndi kukonza ndi kusanthula kuchuluka kwa deta, kuphatikizapo zambiri zaumwini, kuti apange zotsatira zoyenera. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito deta yayikulu kukuwoneka kuti sikusiyana ndi lingaliro lachinsinsi…(gwero.)

Uku si mlandu wa AI. Ndi chikumbutso. Ndi chikumbutso kuti AI iyenera kuwonedwa ngati intaneti. Mwanjira ina, ganizirani zambiri zomwe mumadyetsa ku OpenAI ngati zapagulu. (Kumbukiraninso, kuti zotulukapo zilizonse zopangidwa ndi AI zitha kusinthidwanso kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitsanzo kuti mupange mayankho kwa ogwiritsa ntchito amtsogolo.) Ndi njira imodzi yomwe AI imasokoneza nzeru ndi zinsinsi. Mkangano wina ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwa AI pazinthu zokopera.

AI ndi vuto la kukopera

Pali zovuta zingapo zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mwachilungamo kwa AI komanso zinthu zomwe zili ndi copyright. AI imatha kukonza mawu olembedwa. Ikhoza kufotokoza mwachidule, kusanthula, kugawa komanso kupanga zatsopano kutengera kalembedwe kake. AI imaphunzitsidwa pazomwe zili. Ndikuganiza kuti zingakhale zovuta kuti apewe kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zili ndi copyright. Monga momwe ndikudziwira, malamulo apano samakambirana mokwanira za kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili ndi copyright pophunzitsa. (Image)

Ndinapempha OpenAI kuti ilembetse tsamba loyamba la "Kupha Mockingbird" lolemba Harper Lee. Zinatero. Chifukwa chake, ndikutsimikiza kuti ili ndi mwayi wopeza zolemba zokopera. Itha kupanganso kuyambiranso mwanjira ya Harper Lee. Kapena, mutha kuyipempha kuti ipange soneti kutengera mutu wa bukulo.

Palibe mwayi kuti izi zikhala zolakwika ndi ntchito ya Shakespeare - kapena Harper Lee pankhaniyi. Ndizosintha zatsopano zomwe siziyenera kusokonezedwa ndi zoyambirira. Pali mafunso angapo. Ndi nthawi yanji yomwe imakhala yosinthika? Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kodi ntchito yoyambirira ikufunika kusinthidwa zingati kuti iwonekere zatsopano?

Funso lina - ndipo izi zimagwiranso ntchito pazinthu zilizonse zopangidwa ndi AI - eni ake? Ndi ndani yemwe ali ndi copyright ku zomwe zili? Kapena, kodi ntchitoyo ikhoza kukhala ndi copyright? Mkangano ukhoza kupangidwa kuti mwini wake wa kukopera ayenera kukhala munthu yemwe adapanga chidziwitsocho ndikupanga pempho la OpenAI. Pali bizinesi yatsopano ya kanyumba pafupi ndi kulemba mwachangu. M'misika ina yapaintaneti, mutha kulipira pakati pa $2 ndi 20 kuti mupeze malangizo omwe angakupangitseni luso lopangidwa ndi makompyuta kapena zolemba.

Ena amati iyenera kukhala ya wopanga OpenAI. Zimenezi zimadzutsa mafunso enanso. Kodi zimatengera mtundu kapena injini yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti iyankhe?

Ndikuganiza kuti mtsutso wofunikira kwambiri womwe ungapangidwe ndikuti zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kompyuta sizingakhale zokopera. Ofesi ya US Copyright idapereka chiganizo cha ndondomeko mu Federal Register, Marichi 2023. M'menemo, akuti, "Chifukwa chakuti Ofesi imalandira pafupifupi theka la miliyoni zofunsira kuti akalembetse chaka chilichonse, ikuwona njira zatsopano zolembetsa zomwe zingafunike kusinthidwa kapena kukulitsa zomwe zikufunika kuti ziululidwe pazofunsira." Ikupitilira kunena kuti, "Makina awa, omwe nthawi zambiri amawatchula kuti 'generative AI,' amafunsa ngati zinthu zomwe amapanga zimatetezedwa ndi kukopera, kaya ntchito zomwe zimapangidwa ndi anthu komanso zopangidwa ndi AI zitha kulembetsedwa, ndi chiyani. zidziwitso ziyenera kuperekedwa ku Ofesi ndi omwe akufuna kuwalembetsa. ”

"Ofesi" imavomereza kuti pali mafunso okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo lazaka 150 paukadaulo womwe sunawone tsiku lawo lobadwa. Kuti ayankhe mafunsowa, Ofesi ya Copyright inayambitsa njira yophunzirira nkhaniyi. Ifufuza ndikutsegulira ndemanga za anthu momwe iyenera kuthana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili ndi copyright pophunzitsa AI, komanso momwe ziyenera kuganizira zomwe zapangidwa.

The Federal Register, modabwitsa, imapereka ndemanga yamitundu ndikufotokozera zochitika zingapo zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi "kulemba" kwa ntchito ndi ndondomeko zake zakale za kukopera. Mlandu umodzi womwe udaweruzidwa unanena kuti nyani sangakhale ndi chilolezo. Pamenepa, anyani anajambula zithunzi ndi kamera. Khotilo linanena kuti zithunzizo sizingakhale zovomerezeka chifukwa Copyright Act imatanthawuza "ana," "masiye," "zidzukulu" ndi "masiye" a wolemba. M’maso mwa khoti, chinenerochi sichinaphatikizepo anyani. "Malangizo omwe alipo kuofesiyi adafuna kuti ntchito ikhale yopangidwa ndi anthu."

OpenAI ikafunsidwa za mkanganowu, imati, "Inde, pali madera otuwa azamalamulo pankhani ya mapulogalamu ndi AI. Chifukwa cha zovuta zaukadaulo komanso kusowa kwa malamulo okhazikika, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kudziwa kuti wopanga ali ndi ufulu wotani pantchito yawo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati algorithm ya AI imachokera ku buku kapena pulogalamu yomwe ilipo kale, sizidziwika nthawi zonse kuti ndani ali ndi ufulu wa algorithm kapena ntchito yoyambirira. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa chitetezo cha patent pazopangidwa zokhudzana ndi AI ndi nkhani yamalamulo yotsutsana. ”

OpenAI ndiyolondola pa izi. Ndizodziwikiratu kuti ntchito yaku US yofuna kukopera iyenera kukhala yolembedwa ndi anthu. Kuyambira pano mpaka kumapeto kwa chaka, Ofesi ya Copyright idzayesa kuyankha mafunso ena otsala ndikupereka malangizo owonjezera.

Patent Law ndi AI

Zokambirana za US Patent Law komanso ngati zikukhudzana ndi zopangidwa ndi AI ndi nkhani yofanana. Pakadali pano, monga momwe lamulo limalembedwera, zopanga zovomerezeka ziyenera kupangidwa ndi anthu achilengedwe. Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri ku United States linakana kumvetsera mlandu wotsutsa maganizo amenewa. (gwero.) Mofanana ndi US Copyright Office, US Patent and Trademark Office ikuwunika momwe ilili. Ndizotheka kuti USPTO yaganiza zopanga umwini wazinthu zaluntha kukhala zovuta. Opanga AI, opanga, eni ake atha kukhala ndi gawo lazopanga zomwe zimathandiza kupanga. Kodi wosakhala munthu angakhale mwini wake?

Katswiri wamkulu wa Google adayesapo posachedwa. "'Tikukhulupirira kuti AI siyenera kutchulidwa kuti ndi woyambitsa pansi pa Lamulo la Patent la US, ndipo timakhulupirira kuti anthu akuyenera kukhala ndi zovomerezeka pazatsopano zomwe zabwera mothandizidwa ndi AI," atero Laura Sheridan, phungu wamkulu wa patent ku Google. M'mawu a Google, imalimbikitsa maphunziro owonjezereka ndi kuzindikira za AI, zida, zoopsa, ndi machitidwe abwino kwa oyesa patent. (gwero.) Chifukwa chiyani Ofesi ya Patent salola kugwiritsa ntchito AI kuyesa AI?

AI ndi Tsogolo

Kuthekera kwa AI komanso, mawonekedwe onse a AI asintha m'miyezi 12 yapitayi, kapena apo. Makampani ambiri akufuna kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya AI ndikupeza zopindulitsa zomwe zaperekedwa mwachangu komanso zotsika mtengo komanso zomwe zili. Mabizinesi ndi malamulo akuyenera kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe ukadaulo umakhudzana ndi chinsinsi, nzeru, ma patent ndi kukopera. (Chithunzi chopangidwa ndi ChatGPT mwachangu ndi anthu "AI ndi Tsogolo".

Kusinthidwa: Meyi 17, 2023

Pakupitilirabe zochitika zokhudzana ndi AI ndi malamulo tsiku lililonse. Nyumba ya Senate ili ndi Komiti Yowona Zazinsinsi, Zaukadaulo ndi Zalamulo. Ikuchita zokambirana zingapo pa Oversight of AI: Rule for Artificial Intelligence. Ikufuna "kulemba malamulo a AI." Ndi cholinga cha “kuchepetsa ndi kuyankha mlandu wa matekinoloje atsopanowo kupeŵa zolakwika zina zakale,” akutero tcheyamani wa komiti yaing’onoyo, Senate Richard Blumenthal. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, kuti atsegule msonkhanowo, adayimba mawu abodza akutulutsa mawu ake ndi ChatGPT zomwe zidaphunzitsidwa pazomwe adalankhula m'mbuyomu:

Nthawi zambiri, tawona zomwe zimachitika pamene teknoloji ikuposa malamulo. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kosalamulirika kwa zidziwitso zaumwini, kuchulukira kwa chidziwitso, komanso kuzama kwa kusiyana pakati pa anthu. Tawona momwe kukondera kwa algorithmic kungapitirizire tsankho ndi tsankho komanso momwe kusowa poyera kungasokoneze chikhulupiriro cha anthu. Ili si tsogolo lomwe tikufuna.

Ikulingalira malingaliro opangira bungwe latsopano la Artificial Intelligence Regulatory Agency kutengera mitundu ya Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ndi Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). (gwero.) M’modzi mwa mboni zake pamaso pa komiti yaing’ono ya AI ananena kuti AI iyenera kupatsidwa chilolezo mofanana ndi mmene mankhwala amayendera ndi FDA. Mboni zina zimalongosola momwe AI ilili pano ngati Wild West yokhala ndi zowopsa za tsankho, zachinsinsi pang'ono, komanso zovuta zachitetezo. Iwo akufotokoza za kusokonezeka kwa makina a West World omwe ndi “amphamvu, osasamala ndi ovuta kuwalamulira.”

Kubweretsa mankhwala atsopano kumsika kumatenga zaka 10 - 15 ndi theka la madola biliyoni. (gwero.) Choncho, ngati Boma lisankha kutsatira zitsanzo za NRC ndi FDA, yang’anani tsunami yaposachedwa ya zatsopano zosangalatsa m’dera la Artificial Intelligence kuti zisinthidwe posachedwapa ndi malamulo a boma ndi matepi ofiira.