chandalama
Osadumpha ndime iyi. Ndimazengereza kulowa m'madzi okangana, nthawi zambiri andale, koma lingaliro linandifikira pamene ndikuyenda galu wanga, Demic. Ndidapeza MD ndipo ndakhala ndikulandila chithandizo chamankhwala kapena upangiri kuyambira pamenepo. Pazaka zapitazi za 20+, ndaphunzira kuganiza mozama. Kwa gulu la IBM lomwe ndimakambirana m'nkhaniyi, ndidachita ngati Data Scientist. Ndikunena kuti ndimalankhula zilankhulo zamankhwala ndi data. Sindine katswiri wa miliri kapena katswiri wazachipatala. Izi sizinapangidwe kuti ziteteze kapena kutsutsa munthu wina kapena ndondomeko. Zomwe ndikuwonetsa pano ndi zowonera chabe. Ndichiyembekezo changa kusonkhezera maganizo anu, inunso.
Kulimbana ndi Zika Ndi Data
Choyamba, chondichitikira changa. Mu 2017, ndinasankhidwa ndi IBM kuchokera kwa ofunsira oposa 2000, kuti ndichite nawo ntchito yachipatala ya pro bono. Gulu la anthu asanu tinatumizidwa ku dziko la Panama kwa mwezi umodzi kukagwira ntchito ndi dipatimenti ya zaumoyo kumeneko. Cholinga chathu chinali kupanga a digital chida chomwe chingathandize kupanga zisankho mwachangu komanso kothandiza zokhudzana ndi matenda angapo opatsirana ndi udzudzu; chachikulu ndi Zika.
Yankho lake linali njira yogawana chidziwitso pakati pa ofufuza m'munda ndi opanga mfundo kuti athe kuwongolera Zika ndi matenda ena opatsirana. Mwanjira ina, tidapanga pulogalamu yam'manja kuti isinthe machitidwe awo akale otumiza owunika ma vector m'munda. Panthawi yake, zolondola zidachepetsa kukula ndi kutalika kwa miliriyo potha kulunjika bwino madera - lingalirani chipilala cha mzinda - chomwe chikufunika kukonzedwanso.
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mliri wa Zika watha.
Zochita za anthu sizinathe mliri wa Zika. Gulu lazaumoyo wa anthu lidayesetsa kuti likhale ndi izi, kudzera muzofufuza, maphunziro ndi upangiri wamayendedwe. Koma pamapeto pake, kachilomboka kamatha, kukhudza anthu ambiri, ndipo chitetezo chamgulu cha ziweto chinakula, motero kuletsa kufalikira. Masiku ano, Zika imatengedwa kuti ndi yofala m'madera ena a dziko lapansi ndi nthawi yopuma.
Mu zina mwa oyambirira ndipo miliri yoopsa kwambiri pafupifupi aliyense amene anadwala anafa. WIth Zika, "Anthu ambiri akatenga kachilomboka, sakhala ndi chitetezo ndipo amateteza anthu ena kuti asatenge kachilomboka [palibe katemera woteteza Zika]." Izi ndi zomwe zidachitika ndi Zika. Mliriwu watha ku America ndipo chiwerengero cha Zika tsopano mu 2021 ndi chochepa kwambiri. Ndiyo nkhani yabwino! Zika idafika pachimake mu 2016 pomwe akuluakulu aku Panama adapempha IBM kuti itumize thandizo lothana ndi udzudzu. Kutumiza kwa Zika | Zika Virus | CDC
Kulumikizana sikumayambitsa, koma titapita ku Panama, mliri wa Zika udapitilirabe. Pali miliri ya apo ndi apo, koma sichinafike pamlingo womwewo wa nkhawa. Ena amayembekeza kuti pendulum ibwerera mmbuyo pamene chitetezo chachilengedwe chikuchepa ndipo anthu osadziwika amasamukira kumadera omwe ali pachiopsezo cha Zika.
Zika ndi COVID-19 Pandemic Parallels
Kodi izi zikugwirizana bwanji ndi COVID-19? Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa COVID-19 ndi Zika ndi ma virus. Iwo ali ndi mitundu yoyambirira yopatsirana. Zika imafala makamaka kuchokera ku udzudzu kupita kwa anthu. Pali mwayi wopatsirana ndi anthu, koma njira yayikulu yopatsirana ndi udzudzu.
Kwa coronavirus, zawonetsedwa kuti nyama zina, zimakonda mabala ndi mbawala, kunyamula kachilomboka, koma mawonekedwe akuluakulu a Kufalitsa ndi munthu ndi munthu.
Ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi udzudzu (Zika, Chikungunya, Dengue fever), cholinga chimodzi cha unduna wa zaumoyo ku Panama chinali kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi kachilomboka pochepetsa kukhudzana ndi vector. Ku US, kuwonjezera pa katemera wopangidwa mwachangu, a umoyo woyamba wa anthu njira zothana ndi COVID zikuphatikiza kuchepetsa kuwonetseredwa komanso kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa ena. Njira zochepetsera anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu zikuphatikiza masking, kutalikirana, kudzipatula komanso kutseka mipiringidzo molawirira.
Kuchuluka kwa matenda onsewa kumadalira ... chabwino, mwina apa ndipamene pamakhala mikangano. Kuphatikiza pa maphunziro ndi kugawana deta, zolinga za umoyo wa anthu pofuna kupewa zotsatira zoopsa kwambiri zikhoza kuyang'ana pa 1. kuthetseratu kachilomboka, 2. kuthetseratu vector, 3. katemera / chitetezo cha omwe ali pachiopsezo kwambiri (anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu). kwa zotsatira zoipa), 4. chitetezo cha ng'ombe, kapena 5. kuphatikiza zina za pamwambazi.
Chifukwa cha ma vector a nyama zina, ndizosatheka kuthetseratu ma viruswa (pokhapokha mutayamba katemera wa udzudzu ndi mileme, ndikuganiza). Ndikuganiza kuti sizingakhalenso zomveka kunena za kuthetseratu ma vector, mwina. Udzudzu ndizovuta, kuwonjezera pa kunyamula matenda owopsa, koma ndikutsimikiza kuti umagwira ntchito zina zothandiza. Sindingayerekeze kupanga mawonekedwe amoyo kutha chifukwa ndizovuta kwa anthu.
Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tikambirane za katemera / chitetezo chamagulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu komanso chitetezo chamgulu. Zachidziwikire, tafika pa mliriwu moti akuluakulu azaumoyo ndi maboma apanga kale zisankhozi ndipo asankha zochita. Ine sindiri wachiwiri kulosera njira kapena ngakhale kuponya miyala ndi m'mbuyo wangwiro.
Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kuphatikiza achikulire azaka 65 kapena kuposerapo komanso omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa; zinthu monga matenda a mtima, shuga, kunenepa kwambiri, immunocompromised, ndi zina zotero amayi apakati kwa Zika chifukwa imatha kusamutsidwa intrautero.
Ziweto chitetezo ndi pamene anthu enaake amafika pa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amatetezedwa ku matendawa ndi katemera kapena chitetezo chachilengedwe. Panthawi imeneyo, kwa iwo omwe alibe chitetezo, chiopsezo cha matenda ndi chochepa, chifukwa pali ochepa omwe amanyamula. Chifukwa chake, omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu amatetezedwa ndi omwe adawonetsedwa kale. Mkangano udakali woti chiwerengero chenicheni cha anthu (omwe ali ndi katemera + wochira ndi ma antibodies) angafuneke kuti apange chitetezo chamagulu ku coronavirus.
Nkhondo ku Panama
Ndi IBM Ntchito ya Zika ku Panama, tinatha kupanga pulogalamu yeniyeni yochokera pa foni yokhala ndi chizindikiro cha geolocation, yomwe ingachepetse kuopsa komanso nthawi ya miliri ikakwaniritsidwa. Posintha zojambulira zogwira ntchito kwambiri komanso zolakwika ndi malipoti, zomwe zidafika kwa omwe amapanga zisankho mu maola ambiri m'malo mwa milungu. Akuluakulu a zaumoyo kudziko lonse adatha kufananiza malipoti a nthawi yeniyeni a udzudzu wonyamula matenda ndi lipoti lenileni la zochitika zachipatala. Pankhondo yolimbana ndi kachilombo ka Zika, akuluakuluwa adatumiza zothandizira kumadera omwewo kuti athetse udzudzu m'derali.
Kotero, mmalo mwa abroad polimbana ndi matenda, adalimbikira kwambiri kumadera omwe ali ndi vuto komanso malo omwe angakhale ovuta. Pochita izi, adatha kuyang'ana kwambiri zakuthupi ndipo adatha kuchotsa mwachangu malo otentha.
Ndi zonsezi monga maziko, ndiyesera kufananiza pakati pa mliri wa Zika ndi mliri wathu wa COVID-XNUMX. Mmodzi phunziro m’magazini ya Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health inachita kafukufuku wokhudza mabuku a zachipatala ndipo inatsimikiza kuti, “Pali kufanana kwakukulu pakati pa matenda a [kachilombo ka Zika] ndi COVID-19 pankhani ya njira zochepetsera matenda, machiritso, ndi kusatsimikizika kotsimikizirika.” M'miliri yonseyi, odwala ndi asing'anga analibe chidziwitso choti apange zisankho zodziwika bwino. Mauthenga azaumoyo wa anthu nthawi zambiri amakhala otsutsana mkati mwa bungwe lomwelo. Disinformation idafalitsidwa m'malo ochezera a pa TV nthawi ya mliri uliwonse. Kukangana kwakukulu kwa sayansi kunayambitsanso ziphunzitso zachiwembu. Sizovuta kulingalira kuti iliyonse mwamayankho awa adakhudzidwa ndi ma virus omwe ali pachiwopsezo kapena omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Kuyerekeza kwa Zika Virus ndi COVID-19: Chiwonetsero Chachipatala ndi Pagulu Mauthenga Aumoyo
| Matenda a Zika Virus | MATENDA A COVID19 | |
|---|---|---|
| vekitala | Flavivirus: Vector Aedes aegypti ndi Aedes albopictus udzudzu 3 | Coronavirus: madontho, ma fomites 74 |
| Kutumiza | Udzudzu ndiye vector yoyamba
Kupatsirana kwa kugonana 10 Kufalitsidwa ndi kuikidwa magazi, zasayansi kukhudzana 9 |
Amafalitsidwa ndi madontho opuma 74
Kufalikira kwapandege 75 |
| Kupatsirana molunjika pa nthawi ya mimba | Kupatsirana molunjika kuchokera kwa munthu wapakati kupita kwa mwana wosabadwayo kumachitika, ndipo matenda obadwa nawo amatha 9 | Kupatsirana molunjika/kubadwa nako ndikokayikitsa 76 |
| zizindikiro | Nthawi zambiri asymptomatic; zizindikiro zofatsa ngati chimfine monga malungo, arthralgia, totupa, conjunctivitis 3 | Asymptomatic; komanso amatsanzira yachibadwa rhinorrhea ndi physiologic dyspnea mimba 65 |
| Kuyeza matenda | RT-PCR, NAAT, PRNT, IgM serologies 32
Kuchuluka kwa zoyipa zabodza ndi zabwino 26 Kusinthana kwa ma immunoglobulin serologies ndi ma endemic flaviviruses, monga kachilombo ka dengue fever. 26 Kuzindikira kwa Perinatal kokha chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa komanso kutsimikizika kwa ultrasound kuti azindikire kuvulala kwa ma virus 20 |
RT-PCR, NAAT, IgM serologies 42
Kukhudzika kumasiyana malinga ndi nthawi kuchokera pakuwonekera, njira yachitsanzo, gwero lachitsanzo 76 Mayeso a Rapid antigen (COVID-19 Ag Respi-Strip) akupezeka, koma pali zodetsa nkhawa za kutsimikizika kwawo, kulondola, komanso magwiridwe antchito. 76 Kupitilirabe kusowa kwa kuyezetsa mphamvu ndi ma reagents a labotale 42 |
| Mankhwala | Kusamalira
Matenda a Congenital Zika amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera, chithandizo chamankhwala, mankhwala ochizira matenda okhudza khunyu, kukonza / kukonza ma prosthetics pazovuta zamawu ndi zowonera. 23 |
Kusamalira
Remdesivir imawoneka yotetezeka pamimba Njira zina zochiritsira (ribavirin, baricitinib) ndi teratogenic, embryotoxic 39 |
Chidule cha: COVID-19, matenda a coronavirus 2019; IgM, gulu la immunoglobulin M; NAAT, nucleic acid amplification test; PRNT, kuyesa kwa plaque kuchepetsa neutralization; RT-PCR, reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction test.
Nkhaniyi ikupezeka kwaulere kudzera ku PubMed Central ngati gawo lazadzidzi zadzidzidzi za COVID-19. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuzanso mopanda malire ndikuwunikanso ndi kusanthula mwanjira iliyonse kapena mwanjira ina iliyonse ndikuvomereza komwe kudachokera, kwanthawi yayitali yazaumoyo wa anthu. (yolembedwa ndi wolemba)
Muzochitika zathu za Zika ku Panama, kuyang'ana khomo ndi khomo kumayang'ana udzudzu. Masiku ano, timagwiritsa ntchito mayeso a COVID kuyang'ana coronavirus. Onse amayang'ana umboni wa kachilomboka, komwe kamatchedwa kuyesa kwa vector. Kuyang'ana kwa vekitala kumayang'ana umboni wa omwe angakhale onyamula kachilomboka ndi mikhalidwe yomwe imalola kuti iziyenda bwino.
Kuyerekeza COVID-19 ndi Miliri Yakale
Poyerekeza ndi miliri ina yaposachedwa, chiwopsezo cha COVID-19 ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zafalikira kwambiri kumayiko omwe akhudzidwa komanso kuchuluka kwa milandu yomwe yadziwika. Mwamwayi, Case Fatality Rate (CFR) ndiyotsika kuposa miliri ina yayikulu.
Source: Momwe Coronavirus Akufananizira ndi SARS, Nkhumba Flu, ndi Miliri Ina
Coronavirus ndiye wakupha kwambiri kuposa matenda ena angapo omwe sanaphatikizidwe pa tchatichi. Mliri wa 2009 wa chimfine cha nkhumba (H1N1) chomwe chidatenga anthu pakati pa 700 miliyoni ndi 1.4 biliyoni padziko lonse lapansi, koma anali ndi CFR ya 0.02%. Komanso mu tchatichi pali anthu 500,000 omwe akuganiziridwa kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka Zika mu 2015 ndi 2016 ndi imfa zake 18. Kuti abweretse COVID-19 zaposachedwa, kuyambira Disembala 2021, a Worldomet ndi webusayiti yotsata coronavirus idayika kuchuluka kwa milandu pa 267,921,597 pomwe 5,293,306 afa pa CFR yowerengedwa ya 1.98%. Chifukwa COVID-19 itha kukhala yosadziwika bwino monga tafotokozera mu Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health kafukufuku, mwina sakudziwa kuti akudwala. Palibe chifukwa choti anthuwa azifunafuna mayeso kuti asakhale mbali ya chipembedzo. Mwanjira ina, izi zitha kupangitsa kuti milandu ya COVID-19 ikhale yokwera kuposa momwe ziwerengero zikuwonetsa.
M'magawo oyambilira a mliri, zidziwitso zochokera ku miliri ya miliri, kuzindikira zachipatala komanso chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zambiri zimasowa. Njira zoyambira ndikuwonjezera kuyezetsa ndi kupereka malipoti, kulumikizana, ndikuyesera kukonzekera mphamvu zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa za katemera, kuyezetsa ndi kuchiza. Aliyense ndiye, kaya akudziwa kapena ayi, amayesa kuwunika kwachiwopsezo kutengera momwe akumvera za kuopsa kwachiwopsezo, kuthekera kwawo kuthana ndi chiwopsezocho komanso zotsatira zake. Masiku ano, zikhulupirirozi zimalimbikitsidwa kapena kufooketsedwa ndi zakudya zamagulu ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi mauthenga.
Mayeso a COVID kuwunika kupezeka kwa coronavirus. Kutengera mtundu wa mayeso ataperekedwa, zotsatira zabwino zitha kuwonetsa kuti wodwalayo ali ndi matenda (kuyezetsa mwachangu kwa PCR kapena kuyezetsa ma antigen a labu) kapena adadwalapo nthawi ina (kuyesa kwa antibody).
Ngati munthu ali ndi zizindikiro zofananira ndi COVID komanso kuyesa kwa ma virus antigen, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu. Kuchita zimenezo kudzakhala kupha kachilomboka ndikuletsa kufalikira. Koma, chifukwa coronavirus imapatsirana, anthu omwe ali ndi zofooka zochepa komanso opanda zina zomwe zimayambitsa, akatswiri apangitse kuti ayesedwe kuti ali ndi vuto ndikudzipatula kwa masiku 10 mpaka milungu iwiri. [PEZANI: Chakumapeto kwa Disembala 2021, CDC idafupikitsa nthawi yodzipatula kwa anthu omwe ali ndi COVID kukhala masiku 5 ndikutsatiridwa ndi masiku 5 ovala masks mozungulira ena. Kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chodziwika ndi kachilomboka, CDC imalimbikitsa kuti azikhala kwaokha kwa masiku 5 kuphatikiza masiku asanu ovala chigoba kwa omwe alibe katemera. Kapena, masiku 5 ovala masking ngati atatemera ndikulimbikitsidwa.] Zinanso akatswiri amalangiza kuchiza anthu asymptomatic ngati ali ndi mayeso a COVID antigen. (ResearchKomabe, zikuwonetsa kuti kusakhazikika kwa anthu opanda zizindikiro ndikofooka. Vutoli, komabe, ndikusiyanitsa asymptomatic ndi presymptomatic yomwe imapatsirana.) Kachilomboka kamafa popereka chithandizo kwa wodwala, kulola chitetezo cha mthupi kuyankha, ndikupatula wodwalayo pamene akupatsirana. Kupewa komanso kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu ndiye njira zothetsera mliriwu. Izi ndizodziwika tsopano, "kufota kwa curve. "
Polimbana ndi Zika, malingaliro azaumoyo wa anthu Phatikizanipo kusamala kunyumba zomwe zingalepheretse kukulitsa ndi kukula kwa udzudzu - kuchotsani madzi oima pabwalo lanu, chotsani nkhokwe zomwe zingatheke ngati matayala akale. Mofananamo, malangizo ochepetsa kufalikira za coronavirus zikuphatikiza kutalikitsa thupi, masks ndi ukhondo wochulukira, monga kusamba m'manja ndikutaya minyewa yomwe yagwiritsidwa kale ntchito.
https://www.news-medical.net/health/How-does-the-COVID-19-Pandemic-Compare-to-Other-Pandemics.aspx
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8242848/ ("Zinthu zakunja monga malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi zidziwitso zitha kukulitsa kapena kufooketsa malingaliro owopsa.")
https://www.city-journal.org/how-rapid-result-antigen-tests-can-help-beat-covid-19
Zomwe sindikuwona pa mliri wapano wa COVID ndi njira yolunjika, yoyendetsedwa ndi data, yolunjika. Ngakhale ku Panama, njira yaumoyo wa anthu pa mliri wa Zika sinali yofanana. Zinali zosatheka - chifukwa chuma ndi chochepa - kulimbana ndi udzudzu kumbali zonse ndipo kunali kosatheka kuthetsa ma vectors onse omwe angathe. Chifukwa chake, zida zidaperekedwa kwa omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kutengera geography ndi momwe zinthu ziliri.
COVID-19 Public Health and Social Measures
Ndi mliri wa COVID-19, ndizosathandizanso kuti aliyense asadwale. Zomwe taphunzira ndikuti ndizomveka kuyika patsogolo chithandizo chaumoyo wa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo komanso kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha zotsatira zachipatala zosauka kwambiri. Ngati titsatira zachuma, tili ndi chidziwitso chodziwikiratu kuti tipereke zida zambiri ndikuwongolera ku: 
- Madera omwe ali ndi kachulukidwe ka anthu - malo komanso momwe zinthu zilili - mizinda, zoyendera za anthu onse komanso maulendo apandege.
- Mabungwe omwe ali ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lomwe lingapangitse zotsatira zoyipa ngati atadwala coronavirus - zipatala, zipatala
- Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kufa ngati atenga kachilombo ka COVID-19, ndiye okalamba m'malo osungira okalamba, m'madera opuma pantchito.
- Maiko omwe ali ndi nyengo zomwe zimathandizira kubwerezabwereza kwa coronavirus. Bungwe la WHO Imachenjeza kuti kachilomboka kamafalikira m'madera onse, koma pali kusiyana kwa nyengo komwe kumawonetsa spikes m'miyezi yozizira
- Anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chopatsira ena matendawa. Kuyezetsa kuyenera kuyang'ana pa anthuwa ndikuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kudzipatula ndikuchiritsa.
Zikuwoneka kuti Malingaliro anthawi ya WHO June 2021 akutsamira mbali iyi. Malingaliro atsopano akuphatikizapo njira za umoyo wa anthu ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu "zogwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika kwanuko". Upangiri wa WHO ukunena kuti njira za “[zaumoyo wa anthu onse ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu] ziyenera kutsatiridwa ndi utsogoleri wotsikitsitsa womwe kuwunika momwe zinthu zilili ndi kotheka ndikugwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika kwanuko." Mwanjira ina, kuyesa deta pamlingo wokulirapo kwambiri womwe ulipo ndikuchitapo kanthu. Bukuli likuchepetsanso chidwi cha "gawo latsopano lokhudza malingaliro pazaumoyo wa anthu payekhapayekha potengera kusatetezeka kwa munthu kwa SARS-CoV-2 kutsatira katemera wa COVID-19 kapena matenda am'mbuyomu".
Kodi COVID ingatsatire mayendedwe a Zika?
Chiwerengero cha Zika ku US ndi Magawo
Panama ndi Padziko lonse lapansi data ikuwonetsa zomwe zikuchitika pamilandu ya Zika. The kupitilira kwanthawi zonse ndiye kuti miliri imachepa kukhala miliri, kenako miliri ndi kufalikira kwanthawi ndi nthawi. Masiku ano, tikutha kuyang'ana mmbuyo pa mliri wa Zika. Ndikupereka mawu achiyembekezo. Ndi deta, zochitika ndi nthawi, coronavirus, monga kachilombo ka Zika ndi mavairasi onse zisanachitike, zidzatha.
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Chowonadi Chakumbuyo kwa Coronavirus Poop Panic
