Abaqeqeshi

Saqala nini ukubona idatha?

1. Phakathi kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini
2. Njengomlandeli weVulcan, uSpock
3. 18,000 BC
4. Ngubani owaziyo?  

Ukusukela emva njengoko sinokuhamba kwimbali efunyenweyo sifumana abantu basebenzisa idatha. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, idatha ide ilandele amanani abhaliweyo. Eminye yemizekelo yamandulo yokugcina idata yaqala malunga ne-18,000 BC apho ookhokho bethu kwilizwekazi le-Afrika babesebenzisa amanqaku kwiintonga njengendlela yokugcina iincwadi. Iimpendulo 2 no-4 nazo ziya kwamkelwa. Kwakuphakathi kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini, nangona kunjalo, xa ubuNgcali boShishino baqala ukuchazwa njengoko sibuqonda namhlanje. I-BI ayizange isasazeke de kwaphantse kwaba sekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-21.

Iinzuzo zomgangatho wedatha zicacile. 

• ithemba. Abasebenzisi baya kuthemba ngcono idatha. “I-75% yabaphathi abayithembi iDatha yabo"
• Izigqibo ezingcono. Uya kuba nakho ukusebenzisa uhlalutyo ngokuchasene nedatha ukwenza izigqibo ezikrelekrele.  Umgangatho wedatha ngomnye wemingeni emibini emikhulu ejongene nemibutho eyamkela i-AI. (Ezinye iiseti zezakhono zabasebenzi.)
• Ithuba elihle lokhuphiswano.  Umgangatho wedatha uchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle, inkonzo yabathengi, ukuthengisa kunye neyona nto iphantsi - ingeniso.
• impumelelo. Umgangatho wedatha unxulunyaniswa kakhulu neshishini impumelelo.

Izinto ezi-6 eziphambili zoMgangatho weDatha

Ukuba awukwazi ukuthembela kwidatha yakho, unokuhlonela njani iingcebiso zayo?

Namhlanje, umgangatho wedatha ubalulekile ekunyanisekeni kwezigqibo ezenziwa ngamashishini ngezixhobo ze-BI, uhlalutyo, ukufundwa koomatshini, kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa. Okona kulula, umgangatho wedatha yidatha esebenzayo kwaye epheleleyo. Usenokuba uzibonile iingxaki zomgangatho wedatha kwizihloko:

• UPhuculo lweDatha ye-COVID-19 yeCDC - "Ebudeni bobhubhane, i-CDC ibiphucula ixesha elifanelekileyo, ukuphelela, kunye nomgangatho wedatha ebalulekileyo yokuphendula."
• Inkunkuma ngaphakathi, inkunkuma ngaphandle; umlindi wesixeko ufumana ipateni ekhathazayo yomgangatho wedatha ongathembekanga - "Ingxelo entsha evela kumhloli jikelele obambeleyo we [Chicago] ithi "imiba yomgangatho wedatha" ichaphazela "injongo, usetyenziso kunye nemfezeko" yolwazi olusetyenziselwa ukwaba izixhobo, ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwabasebenzi kunye nokubeka iliso kwiinkqubo ezininzi.
• I-GAO ifumana imiba yomgangatho wedatha ngexesha lokukhutshwa kwe-EHR ye-VA - "I-VA ayizange iqinisekise umgangatho wedatha efudukele kwinkqubo yayo entsha yeCerner EHR."

Ngandlela thile - kwanakwishumi leminyaka lesithathu leBuchule boShishino - ukufezekisa nokugcina umgangatho wedatha kunzima ngakumbi. Eminye yemiceli mngeni enegalelo kumzabalazo oqhubekayo wokugcina umgangatho wedatha iquka:

• Ukudityaniswa kunye nokufunyanwa okuzama ukudibanisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, iinkqubo, izixhobo kunye nedatha evela kumaziko amaninzi. 
• I-silos yangaphakathi yedatha ngaphandle kwemigangatho yokulungelelanisa ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha.            
• Ukugcinwa kwexabiso eliphantsi kwenze ukubamba kunye nokugcinwa kwedatha eninzi kulula. Sibamba idatha eninzi kunokuba sinokuyihlalutya.
• Ubunzima beenkqubo zedatha bukhulile. Kukho iindawo zokuthintela ngakumbi phakathi kwenkqubo yerekhodi apho idatha ifakiwe kunye nendawo yokusetyenziswa, nokuba yindlu yokugcina idatha okanye ilifu.

Yeyiphi imiba yedatha esithetha ngayo? Zeziphi iimpawu zedatha ezinegalelo kumgangatho wayo? Kukho izinto ezintandathu ezinegalelo kumgangatho wedatha. Nganye kwezi luqeqesho ngokupheleleyo. 

• Ixesha
  • Idatha ilungile kwaye iyasebenziseka xa ifuneka.
  • Idatha iyafumaneka kwingxelo yokuphela kwenyanga kwiveki yokuqala yenyanga elandelayo, umzekelo.
• Ukuqinisekiswa
  • Idatha inohlobo lwedatha oluchanekileyo kwisiseko sedatha. Okubhaliweyo kukubhaliweyo, imihla yimihla kwaye amanani ngamanani.
  • Amaxabiso aphakathi koluhlu olulindelekileyo. Umzekelo, ngelixa i-212 degrees fahrenheit bubushushu obunokulinganiswa bokwenyani, ayiloxabiso elifanelekileyo lobushushu bomntu.  
  • Amaxabiso anefomathi echanekileyo. I-1.000000 ayinayo intsingiselo efanayo no-1.
• Ukubambisana
  • Idatha iyahambelana ngaphakathi
  • Akukho zikopi zeerekhodi
• Ukuthembeka
  • Ubudlelwane phakathi kweetafile buthembekile.
  • Ayitshintshwanga ngempazamo. Imilinganiselo inokulandwa kwimvelaphi yayo. 
• Ukugqiba
  • Akukho "mingxuma" kwidatha. Zonke izinto zerekhodi zinexabiso.  
  • Akukho maxabiso a-NULL.
• ukuchaneka
  • Idatha kwindawo yokunika ingxelo okanye yokuhlalutya - indawo yokugcina idatha, nokuba i-prem okanye kwifu - ibonisa iinkqubo zomthombo, okanye iinkqubo okanye irekhodi
  • Idatha isuka kwimithombo yokuqinisekisa.

Siyavuma, ke, ukuba umngeni womgangatho wedatha indala njengedatha ngokwayo, ingxaki ikhona yonke indawo kwaye ibalulekile ukuyisombulula. Ngoko ke, yintoni esiyenzayo ngayo? Qwalasela inkqubo yakho yomgangatho wedatha njengeprojekthi yexesha elide, engapheliyo.  

Umgangatho wedatha ubonisa ngokusondeleyo indlela echanekileyo ngayo loo datha imele inyaniso. Ukunyaniseka, enye idatha ibaluleke ngakumbi kunezinye idatha. Yazi ukuba yeyiphi idatha ebalulekileyo kwizigqibo eziqinileyo zeshishini kunye nempumelelo yombutho. Qala apho. Gxininisa kuloo datha.  

NjengoMgangatho weDatha we-101, eli nqaku liyintshayelelo yenqanaba le-Freshman kwisihloko: imbali, iziganeko zangoku, umngeni, kutheni kuyingxaki kunye nombono ophezulu wendlela yokujongana nomgangatho wedatha ngaphakathi kwintlangano. Sazise ukuba unomdla wokujonga nzulu kuso nasiphi na kwezi zihloko kwinqanaba lama-200 okanye kwinqanaba lesidanga. Ukuba kunjalo, sizakungena nzulu kwiinkcukacha kwiinyanga ezizayo.