I-Analytics Lie
Ukuchema Kokuhlaziya
UMark Twain ukhulume ngokuphikisana ngokuthi, "Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamanga: amanga, amanga alahliwe kanye analytics. "
Sithatha kalula ukuthi izibalo zisinika imininingwane ewusizo, engenziwa. Esivame ukungakuqapheli ukuthi ukuchema kwethu kanye nokwabanye kunomthelela kanjani ezimpendulweni esizinikezwa ngisho nesoftware nezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, singase sikhohliswe ngokungethembeki, kodwa, ngokuvamile, kungase kube ukuchema okucashile nokungazi okungena kuzibalo zethu. Izisusa ezilandela ukuhlaziya okuchemile ziningi. Kwesinye isikhathi imiphumela engathathi hlangothi esiyilindele kwisayensi ithonywa 1) ukukhetha okucashile kokuthi idatha yethulwa kanjani, 2) idatha engahambisani noma engameleli, 3) ukuthi amasistimu e-AI aqeqeshwa kanjani, 4) ukungazi, ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwabacwaningi noma abanye abazamayo. ukuxoxa indaba, 5) ukuhlaziya ngokwayo.
Isethulo Sichemile
Amanye amanga kulula ukuwabona kunamanye. Uma wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke ungathola kalula okungenzeka amagrafu namashadi adukisayo.
Kukhona okungenani izindlela ezinhlanu zokubonisa idatha ngokudukisayo: 1) Bonisa isethi yedatha elinganiselwe, 2). Bonisa ukuhlobana okungahlobene, 3) Bonisa idatha ngokungalungile, 4) Bonisa idatha ngendlela engajwayelekile, noma 5). Bonisa idatha eyenziwe lula kakhulu.
Bonisa isethi yedatha elinganiselwe
Ukukhawulela idatha, noma ukukhetha ngesandla ingxenye engahleliwe yedatha ngokuvamile kungaxoxa indaba engahambisani nesithombe esikhulu. Ukusampula okubi, noma ukukha ama-cherry, yilapho umhlaziyi esebenzisa isampula elingameleli ukumela iqembu elikhulu.
Ngo-Mashi 2020, Umnyango Wezempilo Womphakathi waseGeorgia lishicilele leli shadi njengengxenye yombiko walo wesimo sansuku zonke. Empeleni iphakamisa imibuzo eminingi kunaleyo eyiphendulayo.
Enye yezinto ezingekho umongo. Isibonelo, kungaba usizo ukwazi ukuthi iyini iphesenti labantu beqembu lobudala ngalinye. Enye inkinga ngeshadi likaphayi elibukeka lilula amaqembu obudala angalingani. I-0-17 ineminyaka engu-18, 18-59 ine-42, 60+ ivuliwe iphelile, kodwa ineminyaka engaba ngu-40. Isiphetho, esinikezwe leli shadi kuphela, ukuthi amacala amaningi aseqenjini leminyaka yobudala eyi-18-59. Iqembu leminyaka yobudala engama-60+ libukeka lingathinteki kakhulu ngamacala e-COVID. Kodwa lena akuyona yonke indaba.
Ukuze uqhathanise, le datha ehlukile isethwe ku- Iwebhusayithi ye-CDC amashadi amacala e-COVID ngeqembu lobudala ngedatha eyengeziwe kumaphesenti Abantu base-US abakubanga ngalinye lobudala.
Lokhu kungcono. Sinomongo owengeziwe. Siyabona ukuthi amaqembu eminyaka yobudala engu-18-29, 30-39, 40-49 wonke anephesenti eliphezulu lamacala kunephesenti leqembu lobudala emphakathini. Kusenamaqembu obudala angalingani. Kungani i-16-17 iyiqembu leminyaka elihlukile? Noma kunjalo lokhu akuyona yonke indaba, kodwa ochwepheshe babhale amakholomu, benza izibikezelo kanye neziyalezo ngaphansi kwalokhu. Ngokusobala, nge-COVID, kukhona okuguquguqukayo okuningi ngaphezu kweminyaka yobudala ethinta ukubalwa njengecala elihle: isimo sokugoma, ukutholakala kokuhlolwa, inani lezikhathi ezihlolwe, ukuhlangana, nokunye okuningi. Inani lamacala, ngokwalo, linikeza isithombe esingaphelele. Ochwepheshe abaningi baphinde babheke Inani lokufa, noma amaphesenti okufa kwabantu abayizi-100,000, noma abantu abashonile ukuze babheke ukuthi i-COVID ilithinta kanjani iqembu ngalinye lobudala.
Bonisa ukuhlobana okungahlobene
Ngokusobala, kukhona a ukuhlobana okuqinile phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-US kwezesayensi, indawo, nobuchwepheshe kanye nenani Lokuzibulala ngokulenga, ukuklinywa nokuminyanisa. I-Correlation ingu-99.79%, cishe umdlalo ophelele.
Nokho, ubani ongabeka icala lokuthi lezi ngandlela-thile zihlobene, noma enye ibangela enye? Kunezinye izibonelo ezingeqisi kakhulu, kodwa ezingekho ngaphansi kwamanga. Kukhona ukuhlobana okuqinile okufanayo phakathi kwe-Letters in Winning Word of Scripps National Spelling Bee kanye Nenani Labantu Ababulawa Izicabucabu Ezinobuthi. Ukuqondana? Uyanquma.
Enye indlela yokushaja le datha okungenzeka ingadukisi kancane kungaba ukufaka uziro kuzo zombili izimbazo zika-Y.
Bonisa idatha ngokungalungile
Kusukela Uyibonisa Kanjani Idatha, Isifunda sase-US sase-Georgia sinikeze Izifunda Ezi-5 Eziphezulu Ngenani Elikhulu Kunazo Zonke Zamacala Aqinisekisiwe E-COVID-19.
Kubukeka kusemthethweni, akunjalo? Ngokusobala kukhona ukwehla kwezinga lamacala aqinisekisiwe e-COVID-19. Ungakwazi yini ukufunda i-X-eksisi? I-X-eksisi imele isikhathi. Ngokuvamile, amadethi azokhuphuka ukusuka kwesokunxele kuye kwesokudla. Lapha, sibona uhambo lwesikhathi esincane ku-X-axis:
4/28/2020
4/27/2020
4/29/2020
5/1/2020
4/30/2020
5/4/2020
5/6/2020
5/5/2020
5/2/22020 ...
Linda? Ini? I-X-axis ayihlelwanga ngokulandelana kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, nakuba inkambiso ingase ibukeke kahle, asikwazi ukufinyelela noma yiziphi iziphetho. Uma amadethi e-odwa, amabha yenani lezikesi abonisa iphethini ye-sawtooth eningi kunanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwethrendi.
Ukulungisa okulula lapha ukuhlunga izinsuku ngendlela ikhalenda elenza ngayo.
Bonisa idatha ngokungajwayelekile
Sonke simatasatasa. Ubuchopho bethu busifundise ukwenza izinqumo ezisheshayo ezisekelwe ekucabangeni obekungashintshile emhlabeni wethu. Isibonelo, igrafu ngayinye engake ngayibona ibonisa ama-axes angu-x- kanye no-y- ahlangana ngoziro, noma amanani aphansi kakhulu. Uma ubheka leli shadi kafushane, iziphi iziphetho ongazifinyelela mayelana nomphumela we-Florida's “Misa umthetho wakho.”? Nginamahloni ukukuvuma, kodwa le grafu yangikhohlisa ekuqaleni. Iso lakho lidonsa kalula embhalweni nasemcibisholo phakathi nendawo yesithombe. Phansi kuphezulu kule grafu. Kungase kungabi amanga - idatha ilungile lapho. Kodwa, kufanele ngicabange ukuthi kuhloselwe ukukhohlisa. Uma ungakayiboni, uziro ku-axis ka-y uphezulu. Ngakho-ke, njengoba idatha yehla, lokho kusho ukufa okuningi. Leli shadi libonisa ukuthi inani lokubulala kusetshenziswa izibhamu yanda ngemuva kuka-2005, okhonjiswa ukuthambekela okuqhubekayo phansi.
Bonisa idatha eyenziwe lula kakhulu
Isibonelo esisodwa sokwenziwa kube lula kakhulu kwedatha singabonakala lapho abahlaziyi besizakala nge-Simpson's Paradox. Lesi yisimo esenzeka lapho idatha ehlanganisiwe ibonakala ibonisa isiphetho esihlukile kunalapho ihlukaniswa yaba amasethi angaphansi. Lolu gibe kulula ukuwela kulo uma ubheka amaphesenti ahlanganisiwe wezinga eliphezulu. Omunye wemifanekiso ecacile ye-Simpson's Paradox emsebenzini ihlobene ukushaya okumaphakathi.
Lapha sibona ukuthi u-Derek Jeter unesilinganiso esiphezulu sokushaya esiphelele kuno-David Justice kumasizini ka-1995 no-1996. Indida ifika lapho sibona ukuthi u-Justice waphumelela u-Jeter ekubhetheni isilinganiso sayo yomibili leyo minyaka. Uma ubhekisisa, kunengqondo uma uqaphela ukuthi u-Jeter wayenezilulwane ezicishe zibe ngu-4x (i-denominator) ngo-1996 ngesilinganiso esiphansi esingu-.007 ngo-1996. Nakuba, Ubulungiswa bube nenani elilinganiselwa ku-10 lamalulwane kuphela . 003 isilinganiso esiphezulu ngo-1995.
Isethulo sibonakala siqondile, kodwa I-Paradox kaSimpson, ngokubona, noma ngokungazi, iholele eziphethweni ezingalungile. Muva nje, kube nezibonelo ze-Simpson's Paradox ezindabeni nasezinkundleni zokuxhumana ezihlobene nemigomo kanye nokufa kwe-COVID. Eyodwa ishadi ibonisa igrafu yomugqa eqhathanisa izinga lokufa phakathi kwabantu abagonyiwe nabangagonyiwe kubantu abaneminyaka engu-10-59 ubudala. Ishadi libonisa ukuthi abangagonyiwe bahlala benezinga lokufa eliphansi eliphansi. Kwenzakalani lapha?
Indaba iyafana naleyo esiyibona ngama-average ashayayo. Idinomineyitha kulesi simo yinani labantu eqenjini ngalinye lobudala. Igrafu ihlanganisa amaqembu anemiphumela ehlukene. Uma sibheka iqembu labantu abadala, 50-59, ngokwehlukana, sibona ukuthi ukugonywa kuhamba kangcono. Ngokunjalo, uma sibheka ku-10-49, sibona futhi ukuthi ukugonywa kuhamba kangcono. Ngokuxakayo, uma ubheka isethi ehlanganisiwe, ukungagonyiwe kubonakala kunomphumela omubi kakhulu. Ngale ndlela, uyakwazi ukubekela ecaleni izimpikiswano eziphambene usebenzisa idatha.
Idatha Ichemile
Idatha ayikwazi ukwethembeka njalo. Ngisho nasemphakathini wesayensi, ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yabacwaningi okwaxoxwa nabo bavuma "izinqubo zocwaningo ezingabazekayo." Enye ucwaningo umphenyi wokukhwabanisa ithi, “Kungenzeka ukuthi kunokukhwabanisa okuningi kakhulu kudatha – amathebula, amagrafu emigqa, ukulandelana kwedatha [- kunalokho esikuthola empeleni]. Noma ubani ohlezi etafuleni lakhe lasekhishini angafaka izinombolo ezithile kusipredishithi futhi enze igrafu yomugqa ebukeka ikholisa.”
Lokhu kuqala isibonelo kubukeka sengathi kukhona okwenzile lokho. Angisho ukuthi lokhu kuwukukhwabanisa, kodwa njengenhlolovo, akwenzi noma iyiphi idatha enomthelela esinqumweni esinolwazi. Kubonakala sengathi inhlolovo ibuze abaphendulayo mayelana nombono wabo ngekhofi legalaji likaphethiloli, noma omunye umcimbi wamanje obalulekile.
- Okuhle kakhulu
- Great
- Kuhle kakhulu
Nginqamule okuthunyelwe kwe-Twitter ukuze ngisuse izinkomba zeqembu elinecala, kodwa leli yishadi langempela lemiphumela yokugcina yocwaningo. Ukuhlola okufana nalokhu akujwayelekile. Ngokusobala, noma yiliphi ishadi elidalwe kusukela kudatha eliwumphumela wezimpendulo lizobonisa ikhofi okukhulunywa ngalo akufanele liphuthelwe.
Inkinga ukuthi ukube ubunikezwe le nhlolovo futhi ungayitholi impendulo ehambisana nokucabanga kwakho, ubungeke weqe ucwaningo. Lesi kungaba isibonelo esidlulele sokuthi idatha engathembekile ingadalwa kanjani. Idizayini yenhlolovo engalungile, nokho, ingaholela ezimpendulweni ezimbalwa futhi labo abaphendulayo banombono owodwa kuphela, kuyindaba nje yeziqu. Idatha ichemile.
Lesi sibonelo sesibili sokuchema kwedatha sisuka kumafayela ka- “Amagrafu Adukisayo E-COVID 19 Amabi Kakhulu. "
Futhi, lokhu kucashile futhi akubonakali ngokuphelele. Igrafu yebha ikhombisa ukushelela - okucishe kushelele kakhulu - ukwehla kwephesenti lamacala amahle e-COVID-19 ngokuhamba kwesikhathi esifundeni saseFlorida. Ungakwazi kalula ukufinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi amacala ayehla. Kuhle lokho, ukubonakala kuyimela ngokunembile idatha. Inkinga ikudatha. Ngakho-ke, kuwukuchema okucashile kakhulu ngoba awukwazi ukukubona. Kubhakwe kudatha. Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze, ihlanganisa, ngubani ohlolwayo? Ngamanye amazwi, liyini inani, noma inani labantu esibheka amaphesenti. Ukuqagela ukuthi yiso sonke isibalo sabantu, noma okungenani, isampula elimele.
Nokho, phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kulesi sifunda, ukuhlolwa kwanikezwa inani elilinganiselwe labantu kuphela. Bekufanele babe nezimpawu ezifana ne-COVID, noma bebesanda kuvakashela izwe elisohlwini lwezindawo ezishisayo. Ukwengeza okudidayo imiphumela ukuthi ukuhlolwa ngakunye kwabalwa futhi ukuhlolwa kwe-negative kwabalwa. Imvamisa, lapho umuntu ehlolwa ukuthi une-HIV, babephinda bahlole lapho igciwane seliqalile futhi bahlolwe ukuthi abanalo. Ngakho-ke, ngomqondo othile, esimweni ngasinye esihle, kunesimo sokuhlola esinegethivu esisikhansela. Iningi lokuhlola lithi awunayo futhi ukuhlolwa komuntu ngamunye ukuthi akanalo kubalwa. Ungabona ukuthi idatha ichemile kanjani futhi ayisebenziseki kakhulu ekwenzeni izinqumo.
Okokufaka Nokuqeqeshwa kwe-AI kuchemile
Kunezindlela okungenani ezimbili i-AI engaholela ngayo emiphumeleni echemile: ukuqala ngedatha echemile, noma ukusebenzisa ama-algorithms achemile ukucubungula idatha evumelekile.
Okokufaka Okuchemile
Abaningi bethu banomuzwa wokuthi i-AI ingathenjwa ukuthi izokhipha izinombolo, isebenzise ama-algorithms ayo, futhi ikhiphe ukuhlaziya okuthembekile kwedatha. I-Artificial Intelligence ingahlakanipha njengoba iqeqeshiwe. Uma idatha lapho iqeqeshwa khona ingaphelele, imiphumela noma iziphetho ngeke zikwazi ukwethembeka, noma. Ngokufanayo necala elingenhla lokuchema kocwaningo, kunezindlela ezimbalwa idatha engaba ngayo bahlekisa ekufundeni komshini:.
- Ukuchema kwesampula - isethi yedatha yokuqeqeshwa ayimeleli sonke isibalo sabantu.
- Ubandlululo lokungabandakanyi - ngesinye isikhathi lokho okubonakala njengokungaphandle kuyasebenza ngempela, noma, lapho sidweba khona lokho okumele sikufake (amakhodi e-zip, izinsuku, njll).
- Ukuchema kokulinganisa - umhlangano uwukulinganisa njalo kusukela phakathi nendawo nangaphansi kwe-meniscus, isibonelo, lapho ukala uketshezi ngamaflask evolumu noma amashubhu okuhlola (ngaphandle kwe-mercury.)
- Khumbula ukuchema – lapho ucwaningo luncike enkumbulweni yabahlanganyeli.
- Ukuchema kwababukele - ososayensi, njengabo bonke abantu, bathambekele kakhulu ekuboneni abalindele ukukubona.
- Ukucwasa ngokobulili nokucwasa - ubulili noma ubuhlanga kungase kubonakale ngokweqile noma kungamelwe kakhulu.
- Ukuchema kwenhlangano - idatha iqinisa imibono engaguquki
Ukuze i-AI ibuyise imiphumela ethembekile, idatha yayo yokuqeqeshwa idinga ukumela umhlaba wangempela. Njengoba sixoxile esihlokweni esidlule sebhulogi, ukulungiswa kwedatha kubalulekile futhi njenganoma iyiphi enye iphrojekthi yedatha. Idatha engathembekile ingafundisa amasistimu okufunda omshini isifundo esingalungile futhi izoholela esiphethweni esingalungile. Lokho kusho, “Yonke idatha ichemile. Lokhu akuyona i-paranoia. Lokhu kuyiqiniso.” - UDkt. Sanjiv M. Narayan, Stanford University School of Medicine.
Ukusebenzisa idatha echemile ekuqeqesheni kuholele ekuhlulekeni okuningi okuphawulekayo kwe-AI. (Izibonelo lapha futhi lapha, ucwaningo lapha..)
Ama-algorithms achemile
I-algorithm isethi yemithetho eyamukela okokufaka futhi idale okukhiphayo ukuphendula inkinga yebhizinisi. Ngokuvamile ziyizihlahla zokunquma ezichazwe kahle. Ama-algorithms azwakala njengamabhokisi amnyama. Akekho oqinisekile ukuthi basebenza kanjani, noma kunjalo, ngisho na izinkampani ezizisebenzisayo. O, futhi ngokuvamile bangabanikazi. Imvelo yabo engaqondakali neyinkimbinkimbi ingesinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani ama-algorithms achemile ecashile. .
Cabanga ngama-algorithms e-AI kwezokwelapha, i-HR noma ezezimali okucatshangelwa umjaho. Uma ubuhlanga buyisici, i-algorithm ayikwazi ukungaboni ngokobuhlanga. Lokhu akulona ithiyori. Izinkinga ezinjengalezi zitholwe emhlabeni wangempela kusetshenziswa i-AI ku ukuqasha, gibela-yabelana, isicelo semalimbolekos, futhi ukuguqula izinso.
Okubalulekile ukuthi uma idatha yakho noma ama-algorithms amabi, mabi kakhulu kunokungenamsebenzi, angaba yingozi. Kukhona into ethi "ukuhlolwa kwe-algorithmic.” Umgomo uwukusiza izinhlangano zihlonze izingozi ezingaba khona ezihlobene ne-algorithm njengoba ihlobene nokungakhethi, ukuchema nokubandlulula. Kwenye indawo, Facebook isebenzisa i-AI ukulwa nokuchema ku-AI.
Abantu bachemile
Sinabantu ezinhlangothini zombili ze-equation. Abantu balungiselela ukuhlaziya futhi abantu bathola imininingwane. Kukhona abacwaningi futhi kukhona nabafundi. Kunoma yikuphi ukuxhumana, kungaba nezinkinga ekudluliselweni noma ekwamukelweni.
Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ngesimo sezulu. Lisho ukuthini “ithuba lemvula”? Okokuqala, ngabe izazi zezulu ziqonde ukuthini uma zithi akhona amathuba emvula? Ngokusho kukahulumeni wase-US Isevisi sezulu sezulu, ithuba lemvula, noma lokho abakubiza ngokuthi Amathuba Emvula (PoP), ingenye yezinto ezingaqondwa kancane kwisibikezelo sezulu. Inencazelo evamile: “Amathuba emvula anethuba lezibalo elingu-0.01″ inch [sic] wezulu [sic] ngaphezulu endaweni enikeziwe endaweni yesibikezelo esinikeziwe ngesikhathi esishiwo.” “Indawo enikiwe” indawo ebikezelwe, noma broadindawo yokulahla. Lokho kusho ukuthi Amathuba Okuna Kwemvula asemthethweni ancike ekuzethembeni kokuthi lizokuna ndawana thize endaweni kanye nephesenti lendawo ezokuba manzi. Ngamanye amazwi, uma isazi sesimo sezulu siqiniseka ukuthi lizokuna endaweni ebikezelayo (Confidence = 100%), i-PoP imelela ingxenye yendawo ezothola imvula.
Paris Street; Usuku Lwemvula,Gustave Caillebotte (1848-1894) Chicago Art Institute Public Domain
Ithuba lemvula lincike kukho kokubili ukuzethemba nendawo. Bengingakwazi lokho. Ngiyasola ukuthi nabanye abantu abakwazi lokho. Cishe u-75% wabantu abaqondi kahle ukuthi i-PoP ibalwa kanjani, noma ukuthi ihloselwe ukumela ini. Ngakho-ke, ingabe siyakhohliswa, noma, ingabe lokhu kuyinkinga yombono. Masiyibize ngombono wezulu. Ingabe sisola isangoma sezulu? Ukuze kube fair, kukhona ukudideka phakathi kwababikezeli bezulu, futhi. Kokunye Ucwaningo, u-43% wezazi zezulu ezahlolwa zathi kunokuvumelana okuncane kakhulu encazelweni ye-PoP.
Ukuhlaziya Ngokwako Kuchemile
Ezicini ezinhlanu ezithonyayo, ukuhlaziywa ngokwako kungase kumangaze kakhulu. Ocwaningweni lwesayensi oluphumela ekushicilelweni kwephepha elibuyekeziwe, ngokuvamile ithiyori icatshangwa, izindlela zichazwa ukuhlola i-hypothesis, idatha iyaqoqwa, bese idatha ihlaziywa. Uhlobo lokuhlaziya olwenziwayo nokuthi lwenziwa kanjani alunconywa ngendlela oluthinta ngayo iziphetho. Ku-a iphepha eshicilelwe ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka (Januwari 2022), ku-International Journal of Cancer, ababhali bahlole ukuthi ngabe imiphumela yokuhlolwa okulawulwa ngokungahleliwe kanye nezifundo zokubheka emuva. Imiphumela yabo yaphetha ngokuthi,
Ngokushintsha ukukhetha kokuhlaziya ocwaningweni olusebenzayo oluqhathaniswayo, sikhiqize imiphumela ephambene. Imiphumela yethu iphakamisa ukuthi ezinye izifundo zokubheka emuva zingathola ukwelashwa kuthuthukisa imiphumela yeziguli, kuyilapho olunye ucwaningo olufanayo lungase lungakutholi, ngokumane lusekelwe ekukhetheni kokuhlaziya.
Esikhathini esedlule, lapho ufunda isihloko sejenali yesayensi, uma ufana nami, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wacabanga ukuthi imiphumela noma iziphetho zonke zimayelana nedatha. Manje, kubonakala sengathi imiphumela, noma ukuthi i-hypothesis yokuqala iqinisekisiwe noma iphikisiwe ingase incike endleleni yokuhlaziya.
Enye cwaningo uthole imiphumela efanayo. Isihloko, Abahlaziyi Abaningi, Isethi Yedatha Eyodwa: Ukwenza Obala Ukuthi Ukuhluka Kwezinketho Zokuhlaziya Kuthinta Kanjani Imiphumela, ichaza ukuthi bayinikeze kanjani idatha efanayo emaqenjini ahlukene angama-29 ukuthi ayihlaziye. Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha kuvame ukubonwa njengenqubo eqinile, echazwe kahle eholela esiphethweni esisodwa.
Naphezu kokuphikisa kochwepheshe bemethodical, kulula ukunganaki iqiniso lokuthi imiphumela ingase incike esu elikhethiwe lokuhlaziya, lona ngokwalo eligcwele ithiyori, ukuqagela, namaphuzu okukhethwa kukho. Ezimweni eziningi, kunezindlela eziningi ezinengqondo (futhi eziningi ezingenangqondo) zokuhlola idatha ephathelene nombuzo wocwaningo.
Abacwaningi bathola ukuhlaziya idatha futhi bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi lonke ucwaningo luhlanganisa izinqumo ezizimele - okuhlanganisa ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlaziya okufanele lusetshenziswe - olungathinta umphumela wokugcina wocwaningo.
Isincomo somunye umcwaningi ohlaziye ucwaningo olungenhla kufanele aqaphe lapho esebenzisa iphepha elilodwa ekwenzeni izinqumo noma ekufinyeleleni iziphetho.
Ukubhekana nokuchema ku-Analytics
Lokhu kumane nje kuhloswe ukuba kube indaba eyisixwayiso. Ulwazi lungasivikela ekubanjweni imikhonyovu. Ukuqaphela kakhudlwana izindlela okungenzeka isithwebuli sizisebenzise ukuze sisikhohlise, mancane amathuba okuthi sithathwe, singathi, ukudukiswa kwepokhethi, noma inkulumo eshelelayo yomdlalo we-Ponzi. Kunjalo nangokuqonda nokubona ukuchema okungaba khona okuthinta izibalo zethu. Uma sazi imithelela engaba khona, singakwazi ukwethula indaba kangcono futhi ekugcineni senze izinqumo ezingcono.
