Shadow IT: Kulinganiza Zowopsa ndi Zopindulitsa Bungwe Lililonse Limayang'anizana Nazo

Kudalirika

Kudzidziwitsa nokha ndi dziko lolonjezedwa lamasiku ano. Kaya ndi Tableau, Cognos Analytics, Qlik Sense, kapena chida china chowerengera, mavenda onse akuwoneka kuti akulimbikitsa zodziwikiratu komanso kusanthula deta. Ndi ntchito yodzichitira nokha imabwera Shadow IT. Ife timayika izo onse mabungwe amavutika ndi Shadow IT yobisalira mumithunzi, kumlingo wina kapena wina. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikuwunikira, kuyang'anira zoopsa ndikuwonjezera phindu. 

mwachidule

Mu pepala loyera ili tidzakambirana za kusinthika kwa malipoti ndi zinsinsi zonyansa zomwe palibe amene amazinena. Zida zosiyanasiyana zimafuna njira zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina ngakhale malingaliro.  Malingaliro ndi "ziganizo zophatikizika, malingaliro ndi zolinga zomwe zimapanga pulogalamu yazandale." Sitipeza chikhalidwe koma sindingathe kuganiza za mawu oti ndifotokozere bizinesi ndi pulogalamu ya IT. Ndikadawona nkhokwe ya Kimball-Inmon imagawanitsa mkangano wamaganizidwe mwanjira yofananira. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, njira yanu, kapena momwe mumaganizira, imayendetsa zochita zanu.  

Background

pamene Mtengo wa IBM5100 PC zinali zaluso kwambiri, $10,000 ingakupezereni chophimba cha 5-inch chokhala ndi kiyibodi yomangidwa, 16K RAM ndi tepi drive. wolemera makilogalamu 50 okha. Zoyenera kuwerengera, izi zitha kulumikizidwa ndi gulu la disk laulere la kukula kwa kabati kakang'ono kosungira. Kompyuta iliyonse yayikulu idachitikabe kudzera pa ma terminals pa mainframe timeshare. (chithunzi)

"Ogwira ntchito” amayang'anira ma PC omangidwa ndi daisy ndikuwongolera mwayi wopita kunja. Magulu a ogwira ntchito, kapena ma sysadmins ndi ma devops, adakula kuti athandizire ukadaulo womwe ukukula. Zipangizo zamakono zinali zazikulu. Magulu omwe adawatsogolera anali akulu.

Kuwongolera mabizinesi ndi malipoti otsogozedwa ndi IT zakhala zachizolowezi kuyambira chiyambi cha nthawi yamakompyuta. Lingaliro ili lidakhazikitsidwa panjira yokhazikika, yokhazikika yomwe "Kampani" imayang'anira zothandizira ndikukupatsirani zomwe mukufuna. Ngati mukufuna lipoti lachidziwitso, kapena lipoti lanthawi yomwe idadutsa, muyenera kutumiza pempho.  

Njirayi inali yochedwa. Panalibe zatsopano. Agile kunalibe. Ndipo, monga dziwe lakale la abusa, dipatimenti ya IT inkaganiziridwa kuti ndi yapamwamba.

Ngakhale zinali zovuta, zidachitika pazifukwa. Panali ubwino wochita zimenezi. Panali ndondomeko zomwe aliyense ankatsatira. Mafomu amalembedwa katatu ndipo amatumizidwa kudzera pamakalata a interoffice. Zopempha za data kuchokera m'bungwe lonse zidasanjidwa, kusanjidwa, kuyika patsogolo ndikuchitidwa m'njira yodziwikiratu.  

Panali malo amodzi osungiramo zinthu komanso chida chochitira malipoti chamakampani onse. Malipoti am'zitini opangidwa ndi gulu lapakati adapereka a mtundu umodzi wa chowonadi. Ngati manambalawo anali olakwika, aliyense ankagwiritsa ntchito manambala olakwika omwewo. Pali chinachake choti chinenedwe cha kusasinthika kwamkati.

Kuwongolera njira yochitira bizinesi iyi kunali kotheka. Zinali zokhoza bajeti.  

Ndiyeno tsiku lina zaka 15 kapena 20 zapitazo, zonsezo zinaphulika. Panali chipwirikiti. Mphamvu zamakompyuta zakulitsidwa.  Chilamulo cha Moore - "mphamvu yokonza makompyuta idzawirikiza kawiri pazaka ziwiri zilizonse" - idamvera. Ma PC anali ang'onoang'ono komanso opezeka paliponse.   

Makampani ochulukirapo adayamba kupanga zisankho motengera deta m'malo motengera chibadwa chomwe adagwiritsa ntchito kwa zaka zambiri. Iwo anazindikira kuti atsogoleri mu makampani awo anali kupanga zisankho zochokera mbiri yakale. Posakhalitsa deta inayandikira nthawi yeniyeni. Potsirizira pake, lipotilo linakhala lolosera. Zinali zachikale poyamba, koma chinali chiyambi cha kugwiritsa ntchito analytics kuyendetsa zisankho zamabizinesi.

Panali kusintha kolemba ntchito akatswiri ofufuza zambiri ndi asayansi a data kuti athandize oyang'anira kumvetsetsa msika ndikupanga zisankho zabwino. Koma chinthu choseketsa chinachitika. Gulu lapakati la IT silinatsatire zomwe zimachitika pamakompyuta omwe akucheperachepera. Sizinakhale zogwira mtima komanso zazing'ono.

Komabe, poyankha ukadaulo wokhazikitsidwa, gulu la IT lidayambanso kukhala lokhazikika. Kapena, maudindo omwe kale anali gawo la IT, tsopano anali mbali ya mabizinesi. Ofufuza omwe amamvetsetsa deta ndi bizinesi adaphatikizidwa mu dipatimenti iliyonse. Oyang'anira anayamba kufunsa akatswiri awo kuti adziwe zambiri. Ofufuzawo anati, “Ndiyenera kudzaza zopemphazo katatu. Koyamba kumene kuvomerezedwa ndi msonkhano wa mwezi uno woika patsogolo deta. Kenako zingatenge sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri kuti IT ikwaniritse zomwe tikufuna - kutengera kuchuluka kwa ntchito yawo. KOMA,… ndikadangopeza malo osungira zinthu, nditha kukufunsani funso masana ano.” Ndipo kotero izo zimapita.

Kusintha kwa kudzitumikira kunali kutayamba. Dipatimenti ya IT idachepetsa kugwirira kwake makiyi a data. Ogulitsa malipoti ndi ma analytics adayamba kuvomereza filosofi yatsopanoyi. Inali chithunzithunzi chatsopano. Ogwiritsa adapeza zida zatsopano zopezera deta. Iwo adazindikira kuti atha kulumpha maulamuliro ngati angopeza mwayi wopeza deta. Kenako amatha kudzifufuza okha ndikuchepetsa nthawi yosinthira poyankha mafunso awo.

Ubwino wodzichitira nokha ntchito komanso kusanthula

Kupereka mwayi wofikira kwa anthu ambiri komanso kudzidziwitsa nokha kunathetsa mavuto angapo,

1. Kuyang'ana.  Zida zopangira zolinga zomwe zinali zofikirika mosavuta zidalowa m'malo mwa lipoti limodzi, lakale, la zolinga zambiri komanso chida chowunikira kuti zithandizire ogwiritsa ntchito onse ndikuyankha mafunso onse. 
2. Agile.  M'mbuyomu, mabizinesi adalephereka chifukwa chakusachita bwino. Kupeza deta ya mwezi watha yokha kunapangitsa kuti asagwire ntchito mwachidwi. Kutsegula malo osungiramo data kunafupikitsa njira yomwe imalola omwe ali pafupi ndi bizinesi kuti azigwira ntchito mwachangu, kuzindikira zofunikira ndikupanga zisankho mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa liwiro komanso kufunika kwa data.
3. Amapatsidwa Mphamvu. M'malo moti ogwiritsa ntchito azidalira ukatswiri ndi kupezeka kwa ena kuti awapangire zisankho, adapatsidwa zida, ulamuliro, mwayi, ndi chilimbikitso chogwira ntchito yawo. Chifukwa chake, ogwiritsa ntchito adapatsidwa mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito chida chodzithandizira chomwe chingawapulumutse ku kudalira ena m'bungwe kuti athe kupeza deta komanso kupanga kusanthula komweko.

Zovuta za malipoti odzichitira nokha komanso kusanthula

Komabe, pavuto lililonse lodzipangira lipoti lomwe lathetsedwa, limapanga zina zingapo. Zida zofotokozera ndi kusanthula sizinayendetsedwenso pakati ndi gulu la IT. Choncho, zinthu zina zomwe sizinali zovuta pamene gulu limodzi linakwanitsa kupereka lipoti linakhala lovuta kwambiri. Zinthu monga kutsimikizika kwamtundu, kuwongolera mtundu, zolemba ndi njira monga kasamalidwe ka kumasulidwa kapena kutumiza zidadzisamalira pomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi gulu laling'ono. Kumene kunali miyezo yamakampani yoperekera malipoti ndi kasamalidwe ka data, sizikanathekanso kutsatiridwa. Panalibe kuzindikira pang'ono kapena kuwonekera pazomwe zikuchitika kunja kwa IT. Kusintha kasamalidwe kunalibe. 

Zochitika zoyendetsedwa ndi dipatimenti izi zidagwira ntchito ngati a mthunzi chuma zomwe zikutanthauza bizinesi yomwe imachitika 'pansi pa radar', iyi ndi Shadow IT. Wikipedia imatanthauzira Shadow IT ngati "ukachenjede watekinoloje (IT) machitidwe omwe amaperekedwa ndi madipatimenti ena kupatula dipatimenti yapakati ya IT, kuti athane ndi zofooka za machitidwe apakati azidziwitso. ” Ena amatanthauzira Chitani UTHENGA pa broadly kuphatikiza pulojekiti iliyonse, mapulogalamu, njira kapena machitidwe omwe ali kunja kwa ulamuliro wa IT kapena infosec.

Uwu! Chedweraniko pang'ono. Ngati Shadow IT ndi pulojekiti iliyonse, pulogalamu, njira kapena dongosolo lomwe IT silimawongolera, ndiye kuti likufalikira kuposa momwe timaganizira. Zili paliponse. Kunena mosabisa kanthu, lililonse bungwe lili ndi Shadow IT kaya akuvomereza kapena ayi.  Zimangobwera ku nkhani ya digiri. Kupambana kwa bungwe pothana ndi Shadow IT kumadalira momwe amachitira ndi zovuta zina zazikulu.

• Security. Pamwamba pa mndandanda wazinthu zopangidwa ndi Shadow IT ndi zoopsa zachitetezo. Ganizirani ma macros. Ganizirani ma spreadsheets omwe ali ndi PMI ndi PHI omwe atumizidwa kunja kwa bungwe.
• Kuopsa kwakukulu kwa kutayika kwa deta.  Apanso, chifukwa cha kusagwirizana pakukhazikitsa kapena njira, kukhazikitsidwa kwa aliyense payekha kungakhale kosiyana. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutsimikizira kuti machitidwe okhazikika abizinesi akutsatiridwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta ngakhale kutsatira zopempha zosavuta zowunikira zogwiritsira ntchito ndi mwayi.
• Nkhani zotsatila.  Zokhudzana ndi zovuta zowunikira, palinso mwayi wowonjezereka wopezera deta ndikuyenda kwa data, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutsatira malamulo monga Sarbanes-Oxley Act, GAAP (Mfundo Zovomerezeka Zomwe Zimavomerezedwa), HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability ndi Chiwonetsero Chaumwini) ndi ena
• Kusakwanira kwa data.  Ngakhale kuti limodzi mwamavuto omwe amagawa IT amayesa kuthetsa ndikufulumira kwa deta, zotsatira zosayembekezereka zimaphatikizapo ndalama zobisika kwa ogwira ntchito omwe si a IT pazachuma, malonda, ndi HR, mwachitsanzo, omwe amathera nthawi yawo akukangana za kutsimikizika kwa deta, kuyanjanitsa manambala a mnansi wawo ndikuyesera kuyang'anira mapulogalamu ndi mpando wa mathalauza awo.
• Zosagwira ntchito. Ukadaulo ukatengedwa ndi mayunitsi angapo abizinesi paokha, momwemonso, ndi njira zomwe zimagwirizana ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndi kutumizidwa kwawo. Zina zitha kukhala zogwira mtima. Ena osati kwambiri.  
• Malingaliro osagwirizana abizinesi ndi matanthauzidwe. Palibe mlonda wa pakhomo kuti akhazikitse miyezo, kusagwirizana kungathe kuchitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuyesa ndi kuwongolera malemba. Popanda kugwirizanitsa deta kapena metadata bizinesi ilibenso mtundu umodzi wa chowonadi. Madipatimenti amatha kupanga zisankho zamabizinesi mosavuta potengera zolakwika kapena zosakwanira.
• Kusayenderana ndi masomphenya amakampani.  Shadow IT nthawi zambiri imachepetsa kuzindikira kwa ROI. Machitidwe amakampani omwe amakambilana mapangano ogulitsa ndi mabizinesi akuluakulu nthawi zina amalambalalitsidwa. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti pakhale malayisensi ochulukirapo komanso machitidwe obwereza. Kupitilira apo, zimasokoneza kutsata zolinga za bungwe komanso mapulani aukadaulo a IT.

Mfundo yaikulu ndi yakuti zolinga zabwino zotengera malipoti odzichitira nokha zinabweretsa zotsatira zosayembekezereka. Zovutazo zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule m'magulu atatu: utsogoleri, chitetezo, ndi kulumikizana kwabizinesi.

Osalakwitsa, mabizinesi amafunikira ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi mphamvu zogwiritsa ntchito zenizeni zenizeni ndi zida zamakono. Amafunikiranso mwambo wowongolera kusintha, kasamalidwe ka kumasulidwa ndi kuwongolera mtundu. Ndiye, kodi kudzidziwitsa nokha / BI ndichinyengo? Kodi mungapeze kulinganiza pakati pa kudziyimira pawokha ndi ulamuliro? Kodi mungalamulire zomwe simukuziwona?

The Anakonza

BI Self-Service Spectrum 

Mthunzi sukhalanso mthunzi ngati uwalirapo kuwala. Momwemonso, Shadow IT sichiyeneranso kuopedwa ngati ibweretsedwa pamwamba. Powulula Shadow IT, mutha kupezerapo mwayi pazabwino zodzichitira nokha zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito mabizinesi amafuna pomwe nthawi yomweyo amachepetsa chiopsezo kudzera muulamuliro. Governing Shadow IT ikuwoneka ngati oxymoron, koma, kwenikweni, ndiyo njira yabwino yobweretsera kuyang'anira kudzitumikira.

Ndimakonda izi fanizo la wolemba (wobwerekedwa kuchokera Kimball) yodzichitira nokha BI/malipoti yofanizidwa ndi malo odyera odyera. Buffet ndi ntchito yodzichitira nokha mukhoza kupeza chilichonse chimene mukufuna ndi kubwera nazo ku gome lako. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mupita kukhitchini ndikuyika steak yanu pa grill nokha. Mukufunikirabe wophikayo ndi gulu lake lakukhitchini. Zilinso chimodzimodzi ndi malipoti odzichitira nokha / BI, nthawi zonse mudzafunika gulu la IT kuti likonzekere buffet ya data kudzera m'zigawo, kusintha, kusungirako, kuteteza, kutsanzira, kufunsa, ndi kuwongolera.  

Buffet yomwe mungathe kudya ikhoza kukhala yophweka ngati fanizo. Zomwe tawona ndikuti pali magawo osiyanasiyana akutenga nawo mbali kwa gulu lakhitchini yakukhitchini. Ndi ena, monga buffet yachikhalidwe, amakonza chakudya kumbuyo ndikuyala smorgasbord ikakonzeka kudya. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikukweza mbale yanu ndikuyibwezera patebulo lanu. Iyi ndiye Las Vegas MGM Grand Buffet kapena mtundu wa bizinesi wa Golden Corral. Kumapeto ena a sipekitiramu, pali mabizinesi monga Home Chef, Blue Apron ndi Hello Fresh, omwe amapereka njira ndi zosakaniza pakhomo lanu. Kusonkhana kwina kumafunika. Amapanga zogula ndi kukonza chakudya. Inu muzichita zina.

Penapake pakati, mwina, ndi malo monga Mongolian Grill omwe adakonza zosakaniza koma adaziyika kuti musankhe ndiyeno perekani mbale yanu ya nyama yaiwisi ndi ndiwo zamasamba kwa wophika kuti ayike pamoto. Pachifukwa ichi, kupambana kwa zotsatira zomaliza kumadalira (osachepera mbali) kuti musankhe zosakaniza ndi sauces zomwe zimagwirizana bwino. Zimadaliranso kukonzekera ndi ubwino wa chakudya chomwe muyenera kusankha, komanso luso la wophika yemwe nthawi zina amawonjezera kukhudza kwake.

BI Self-Service Spectrum

Ma analytics odzichitira okha ndi ofanana. Mabungwe omwe ali ndi ma analytics odzipangira okha amakonda kugwa kwinakwake. Kumapeto kumodzi kwamagulu ndi mabungwe, monga MGM Grand Buffet, kumene gulu la IT likuchitabe zonse zosungiramo deta ndi metadata, limasankha ma analytics a bizinesi lonse ndi chida chofotokozera ndikuchipereka kwa wogwiritsa ntchito mapeto. Zonse zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amafunikira kuchita ndikusankha zinthu zomwe akufuna kuziwona ndikuyendetsa lipotilo. Chinthu chokha chodzithandizira pa chitsanzo ichi ndikuti lipoti silinapangidwe kale ndi gulu la IT. Lingaliro la mabungwe omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Cognos Analytics limagwera kumapeto kwa sipekitiramu.

Mabungwe omwe amafanana kwambiri ndi zida zazakudya zomwe zimaperekedwa pakhomo panu amakonda kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito "data kit" yomwe imaphatikizapo zomwe amafunikira komanso kusankha zida zomwe angapeze. Chitsanzochi chimafuna kuti wogwiritsa ntchito amvetse bwino deta komanso chida kuti apeze mayankho omwe akufunikira. Zomwe takumana nazo, makampani omwe amathandizira Qlik Sense ndi Tableau amakonda kugwera m'gululi.

Zida zamabizinesi monga Power BI ndizofanana ndi Grill yaku Mongolia - penapake pakati.  

Ngakhale titha kulinganiza ndikuyika mabungwe omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana zowunikira m'malo osiyanasiyana a "BI Self-Service Spectrum", chowonadi ndichakuti udindo ukhoza kusintha chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo: kampaniyo ikhoza kutengera matekinoloje atsopano, luso la ogwiritsa ntchito likhoza kuwonjezeka, kasamalidwe ikhoza kulamula njira, kapena bizinesiyo imangosintha kukhala njira yotseguka yodzichitira yokha yokhala ndi ufulu wochulukirapo kwa ogula deta. M'malo mwake, mawonekedwe pa sipekitiramu amathanso kusiyanasiyana pamabizinesi onse mkati mwa bungwe lomwelo.  

Kusintha kwa Analytics

Ndi kusintha kwa ntchito yodzitumikira komanso pamene mabungwe akusunthira kumanja pa BI Buffet Spectrum, malo olamulira ankhanza achikhalidwe asinthidwa ndi madera ogwirizana. IT itha kutenga nawo gawo m'magulu ophatikizikawa omwe amathandizira kuyanjana ndi machitidwe abwino pamatimu operekera. Izi zimalola magulu otukuka kumbali yabizinesi kukhalabe odziyimira pawokha pomwe akugwira ntchito m'malire amakampani olamulira ndi zomangamanga.

IT iyenera kukhala tcheru. Ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amapanga malipoti awo - ndipo nthawi zina, zitsanzo - sangakhale odziwa kuopsa kwa chitetezo cha deta. Njira yokhayo yopewera kutayikira komwe kungachitike ndikufufuza mwachangu zatsopano ndikuwunika kuti zikutsatira.

Kupambana kwa Shadow IT yolamulidwa ndikukhudzananso ndi njira zomwe zakhazikitsidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti chitetezo ndi mfundo zachinsinsi zikutsatiridwa. 

Zosokoneza Zodzipangira 

Ma analytics odziyimira pawokha amayanjanitsa mphamvu za polar zomwe zimalepheretsa ufulu wodzilamulira. Zosinthazi zimasewera m'malo ambiri azamalonda ndiukadaulo: liwiro motsutsana ndi miyezo; zatsopano motsutsana ndi ntchito; mphamvu motsutsana ndi zomangamanga; ndi zosowa zamadipatimenti motsutsana ndi zofuna zamakampani.

-Wayne Erickson

Zida zowongolera Shadow IT

Kuyanjanitsa zoopsa ndi zopindulitsa ndizofunikira pakupanga mfundo yokhazikika ya Shadow IT. Leveraging Shadow IT kuvumbulutsa njira zatsopano ndi zida zomwe zitha kulola antchito onse kuchita bwino pamaudindo awo ndikuchita bizinesi mwanzeru. Zida zomwe zimatha kuphatikiza ndi machitidwe angapo zimapatsa makampani yankho lomwe lingasangalatse onse a IT ndi bizinesi.

Zowopsa ndi zovuta zomwe zidapangidwa ndi Shadow IT zitha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri pokhazikitsa njira zowongolera kuti zitsimikizire kuti deta yabwino ikupezeka kwa onse omwe akuifuna kudzera pakudzipezera okha.

Mafunso Ofunika Kwambiri 

Mafunso Ofunika Kutetezedwa kwa IT Kuyenera Kuyankha Okhudzana ndi Kuwoneka ndi Kuwongolera kwa Shadow IT. Ngati muli ndi machitidwe kapena njira zoyankhira mafunsowa, muyenera kudutsa gawo la Shadow IT la kafukufuku wachitetezo:

1. Kodi muli ndi ndondomeko yomwe imakhudza Shadow IT?
2. Kodi mungalembe mosavuta mapulogalamu onse omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'gulu lanu? Bonasi mfundo ngati muli zambiri za Baibulo ndi kukonza mlingo.
3. Kodi mukudziwa yemwe adasintha zinthu za analytic pakupanga?
4. Kodi mukudziwa yemwe akugwiritsa ntchito Shadow IT application?
5. Kodi mukudziwa nthawi yomwe zomwe zidapangidwa zidasinthidwa komaliza?
6. Kodi mungabwererenso ku mtundu wakale mosavuta ngati pali zolakwika mu mtundu wopangidwa?
7. Kodi mumatha kubwezeretsa mafayilo amtundu uliwonse mosavuta pakagwa tsoka?
8. Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito njira yanji pochotsa zinthu zakale?
9. Kodi mungawonetse kuti ogwiritsa ntchito ovomerezeka okha ndi omwe adalowa mudongosolo ndikukweza mafayilo?
10. Ngati mupeza cholakwika mu manambala anu, mumadziwa bwanji kuti idayambitsidwa (ndi ndani)?

Kutsiliza

Shadow IT mumitundu yake yambiri ili pano kuti ikhalepo. Tifunika kuunikira ndi kuunika poyera kuti tithe kuthana ndi zoopsazo pamene tikugwiritsa ntchito mapindu ake. Zitha kupangitsa antchito kukhala opindulitsa komanso mabizinesi kukhala anzeru. Komabe, chidwi cha zopindulitsa chiyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi chitetezo, kutsata, ndi kulamulira.   

Zothandizira

Momwe Mungapambanire ndi Self-Service Analytics Bancing Empowerment and Governance

Tanthauzo la Ideology, Merriam-Webster

Tanthauzo la Shadow Economy, Market Business News

Shadow IT, Wikipedia 

Shadow IT: Mawonedwe a CIO

Choonadi chimodzi chokha, Wikipedia

Kupambana Ndi Self-Service Analytics: Tsimikizirani Malipoti Atsopano

Chisinthiko cha IT Operating Model Evolution

The Self-Service BI Hoax

Kodi Shadow IT ndi chiyani?, McAfee

Zoyenera kuchita pa Shadow IT