Uye kana mediocre iri nani pane kukwana
Imwe nzira yekukundikana ndeyekusimbirira pakukwana. Kukwana hakubviri uye muvengi wezvakanaka. Muvambi wemhepo akarova yekutanga yambiro radar akakurudzira "kunamata kwevasina kukwana". Huzivi hwake hwaive "Gara uchiyedza kupa mauto chechitatu chepamusoro nekuti zvakanakisa hazvigoneke uye chechipiri chakanakisa chinogara chakanyanya kunonoka." Tichasiya tsika yevasina kukwana yemauto.
Chiripo ndechokuti, “kana usingamborovha ndege, unenge uchipedza nguva yakawandisa uri panhandare yendege.” Mune mamwe mazwi, kana uri kuyedza kuita kuti ive yakakwana 100% yenguva, uri kurasikirwa nechimwe chinhu chiri nani. Ndizvo zvakaita KPIs. Key Performance Indicators yakakosha pakubudirira uye manejimendi ebhizinesi. Ndiyo imwe nzira yaunogona kutungamira bhizinesi rako nesarudzo dzinofambiswa nedata.
Kana iwe Google mutsara uchigadzira makiyi ekuita zviratidzo, iwe unowana 191,000,000 mhinduro. Tanga kuverenga iwo mapeji ewebhu uye zvinokutora iwe makore 363 ekuverenga siku nesikati kuti upedze. (Ndizvo zvandakaudzwa neChatGPT.) Izvi hazvitombotarise kuoma kwepeji kana kunzwisisa kwako. Hauna nguva yekuti.
Nzvimbo dzebhizinesi
Sarudza domain. Iwe unogona (uye pamwe unofanirwa) kushandisa maKPI munzvimbo dzese dzebhizinesi dzekambani yako: Mari, Mashandiro, Kutengesa uye Kushambadzira, Mutengi Sevhisi, HR, Supply Chain, Manufacturing, IT, nezvimwe. Ngatitarisei pane zvemari. Nzira yacho yakafanana kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoshanda.
Mhando dzeKPIs
Sarudza rudzi rweKPI. Kusarira kana kutungamira izvo zvinogona kuve zvehuwandu kana hunhu[1].
- Lagging KPI zviratidzo zvinoyera nhoroondo mashandiro. Vanobatsira kupindura mubvunzo, takaita sei? Mienzaniso inosanganisira metrics akaverengerwa kubva kune yechinyakare bharanzi sheet uye chirevo chemari. Mihoro pamberi pemubereko, mutero, uye amortization (EBITA), Current Ratio, Gross margin, Working capital.
- Inotungamira KPI zviratidzo zvinofanotaura uye zvinotarisa kune ramangwana. Vanoedza kupindura mubvunzo wokuti, tichaita sei? Bhizinesi redu richaratidzika sei mune ramangwana? Mienzaniso inosanganisira maitiro eMaakaundi Anotambirwa Mazuva, Kukura Kwekutengesa Kuwedzera, Inventory Turnover.
- Qualitative KPIs inoyerwa uye iri nyore kuongorora. Mienzaniso inosanganisira nhamba iripo yevatengi vanoshanda, nhamba yevatengi vatsva kutenderera uku, kana huwandu hwekunyunyuta kune Better Business Bureau.
- Qualitative KPIs ari squishier. Vanogona kunge vakanyanya kuzviisa pasi, asi zvakadaro zvakakosha. Izvi zvinosanganisira Kugutsikana Kwemutengi, Kubatanidzwa Kwevashandi, Kuona Kwemhando, kana "Corporate Equality Index".
Chikamu chakaoma
Zvadaro, unenge uine misangano yekomiti isingaperi yekupokana pamusoro pekuti ndeapi maKPIs anofanira kunge ari Kiyi uye ndeapi metrics anofanirwa kunge ari zviratidzo zvekuita. Makomiti evatori vechikamu achapokana pamusoro petsanangudzo chaiyo yemametrics akasarudzwa. Panguva iyoyo ndipo paunoyeuka kuti kambani yawakatenga kuEurope haitevedzeri zvakafanana Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) sezvaunoita kuUS. Misiyano mukucherechedzwa kwemari uye kugovanisa mari kunotungamira mukusawirirana muKPIs seProfit Margin. Kuenzanisa kwekugadzirwa kwenyika dzakawanda KPIs inotambura nematambudziko akafanana. Saka nharo uye nhaurirano dzisingaperi.
Ndicho chikamu chakaoma - kusvika pachibvumirano chetsanangudzo yeKPIs. The matanho muKPI maitiro ari chaizvo akatwasuka.
Chero bhizinesi rinofambiswa zvakanaka richapfuura nenzira iyi yeKPI sezvainokura kubva pakadzika pasi pevhu kuenda kune iyo isingachakwanise kubhururuka pasi pe radar. Venture Capitalists vanosimbirira pane mamwe maKPIs. Vatongi vehurumende vachasimbirira kune vamwe.
Rangarira chikonzero chauri kushandisa maKPIs. Iwo chikamu cheanalytics inokubatsira iwe kumhanyisa bhizinesi rako uye kuita zvine mutsindo, zvine ruzivo sarudzo. Iine yakanyatso shandiswa KPI sisitimu iwe unozoziva paumire nhasi, kuti bhizinesi rakaita sei nezuro uye unogona kufanotaura zvichange zvakaita mangwana. Kana ramangwana risina kunaka, iwe uchada kuita shanduko - shanduko kumaitiro ako, bhizinesi rako. Kana yegore rinouya rekutanga purofiti margin KPI inofungidzirwa kuve yakaderera gore-pamusoro-gore, iwe uchada kutarisa nzira dzekuwedzera mari kana kuderedza mari.
Ndiko kutenderera kweKPI maitiro: Kuyera - Ongorora - Shanduko. Pagore, iwe unozoda kuongorora yako KPI tarisiro. MaKPIs akafambisa shanduko. Sangano rave nani. Iwe unokunda iyo Net Profit Margin chinangwa nemapoinzi maviri! Ngatigadzirise chinangwa chegore rinouya kumusoro tione kuti tingaite zviri nani gore rinouya.
Rima divi
Mamwe makambani anga achida kurova hurongwa. Mamwe makambani ekutanga, mamwe aine mari yeVenture Capital, akasundwa kuti aburitse purofiti yakakwira uye yepamusoro, chikamu chekota. MaVC haasi mubhizinesi kuti arasikirwe nemari. Hazvisi nyore kuenderera mberi nekubudirira pamusoro pekuchinja mamiriro ekushambadzira uye cutthroat makwikwi.
Panzvimbo yeKuyera - Ongorora - Shandura maitiro , kana kushandura chinangwa, mamwe makambani akachinja KPI.
Chimbofunga muenzaniso uyu. Fungidzira nhangemutange yemarathon apo vatori vechikamu vanga vachidzidzira nekugadzirira kwemwedzi zvichibva pane imwe nzvimbo, 26.2 mamaira. Nekudaro, pakati pemujaho, varongi vanongoerekana vafunga kuchinja chinhambwe kuenda kumakiromita gumi nemashanu pasina chiziviso. Kuchinja kusingatarisirwi uku kunokonzeresa kukanganisa kune vamwe vamhanyi vanogona kunge vakazvifambisa uye vakagovera simba ravo nezviwanikwa zvechinhambwe chekutanga. Izvo, zvisinei, zvinobatsira avo vanomhanya vakabuda nekukurumidza kuti vapedze chinhambwe chepakutanga. Zvinokanganisa kuita kwechokwadi uye zvinoita kuti zviome kufananidza zvabuda nenzira kwayo. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anogona kuonekwa sekuedza kugadzirisa chigumisiro uye kuvanza kukanganisa kwevamwe vatori vechikamu. Avo vangadai vakakundikana zvakajeka pachinhambwe chakareba nekuti vaive vashandisa simba ravo rese, panzvimbo pezvo, vaizopihwa mubairo wekuve vapedzisi venhangemutange netsanangudzo itsva yemetric.
Saizvozvo, mubhizinesi, makambani akaita seEnron, Volkswagen, Wells Fargo, uye Theranos.
vanozivikanwa nekushandisa maKPIs avo, zvinyorwa zvemari, kana kunyange zviyero zveindasitiri kugadzira manyepo ebudiriro kana kuvanza kusashanda. Zviito izvi zvinogona kutsausa vanobatanidzwa, vanoisa mari, uye veruzhinji, zvakafanana nekushandura mitemo yemakwikwi emitambo kunogona kunyengedza vatori vechikamu nevaoni.
Enron haasisipo nhasi, asi aimbove pamusoro pecheni yechikafu seimwe yemakambani emuAmerica ane hunyanzvi. Muna 2001 Enron akadonha nekuda kwehutsotsi hwekuita accounting. Chimwe chezvikonzero zvakakonzera kwaive kushandiswa kweKPIs kuratidza chimiro chakanaka chemari. Enron akashandisa dhizaini dzakaomarara uye akagadziridza maKPIs kuti awedzere mihoro nekuviga chikwereti, anotsausa vanoisa mari nevanodzora.
Muna 2015, Volkswagen yakatarisana nekurova kwakanyanya pavakaburitsa pachena kuti vaive vashandisa data rekuburitsa mukuyedza mota dzavo dzedhiziri. VW yakange yakagadzira mainjini avo kuti avhure maemissions ekudzora panguva yekuyedzwa asi achiamisa panguva yekutyaira nguva dzose, skewing maKPIs ekubuda. Asi vasingatevedzeri mitemo, vakakwanisa kufambisira mberi mativi ose eequation yakaenzana - kuita uye kuderedzwa kwekubuda. Uku kunyengedza nemaune kweKPIs kwakatungamira kune zvakakura zvemutemo uye zvemari mhedzisiro yekambani.
Wells Fargo akasundidzira vashandi vavo kuti vasangane nehukasha kutengesa zvinangwa zvemakadhi matsva echikwereti. Chimwe chinhu chisingatarisirwi chakarova fan pazvakaonekwa kuti kuti vasangane neKPIs yavo, vashandi vakavhura mamirioni emabhangi asina mvumo uye maakaundi emakadhi echikwereti. Zvinangwa zvekutengesa zvisingaite uye maKPI asina kufanira akakurudzira vashandi kuita zvehutsotsi, zvichikonzera mukurumbira uye kurasikirwa kwemari kubhangi.
Zvakare munhau munguva pfupi yapfuura, Theranos, kambani yehunyanzvi hwezvehutano, yakati yakagadzira shanduko yekuongorora ropa. Zvakazoratidzwa kuti zvirevo zvekambani zvaive zvakavakirwa paKPIs dzenhema uye ruzivo runotsausa. Muchiitiko ichi, vatengesi vane ruzivo vakafuratira mireza mitsvuku uye vakabatwa muhupi hwevimbiso yekutanga kwechimurenga. "Zvakavanzika zvekutengesa" zvaisanganisira kunyepera mhedzisiro mumademo. Theranos yakashandura KPIs ine chekuita nekurongeka uye kuvimbika kwebvunzo dzavo, izvo zvakazokonzera kudonha kwavo uye mhedzisiro yemutemo.
Mienzaniso iyi inoratidza kuti kunyengedza kana kumiririra zvisizvo maKPIs kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro yakaipa, kusanganisira kuparara kwemari, kukuvadzwa kwemukurumbira, uye kuita zvemutemo. Inotaridza kukosha kweiyo KPI kusarudzwa, kubuda pachena, uye kushuma kwakaringana mukuchengetedza kuvimba uye kuenderera mberi kwebhizinesi maitiro.
Hunhu hwenyaya
KPIs chinhu chakakosha kuyera hutano hwesangano uye kutungamira bhizinesi sarudzo. Vachishandiswa sezvavanoda, vanogona kunyevera kana chiito chekugadzirisa chichidikanwa. Apo, zvisinei, vatambi vakaipa vanochinja mitemo pakati pechiitiko, zvinhu zvakaipa zvinoitika. Haufanire kushandura chinhambwe kuenda kunhangemutange mushure mekunge nhangemutange yatanga uye haufanirwe kushandura tsananguro dzeKPIs dzakagadzirirwa kunyevera nezvekuparadzwa kuri kuuya.
- https://www.techtarget.com/searchbusinessanalytics/definition/key-performance-indicators-KPIs ↑
