Gambling Silicon Valley Bank kunye KPI kaThixo Kwakhokelela Ukuwa yayo

Ukubaluleka kotshintsho lolawulo kunye nokongamela okufanelekileyo

Wonke umntu uhlalutya isiphumo sokungaphumeleli kweBhanki yaseSilicon Valley yakutsha nje. IiFed ziyazikhaba ngenxa yokungaboni iimpawu ezilumkisayo ngaphambili. Abatyali-mali banexhala lokuba ezinye iibhanki zinokulandela. ICongress ibambe iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo ukuze baqonde ngcono ukuba kwenzeke ntoni kanye kanye ukubangela ukuwa kwale bhanki.

Ingxoxo ingenziwa yokuba oonobangela beengxaki ze-SVB kukucinga okungalunganga kunye nokungaqwalaseli okuyekelelayo. Zombini i-Federal Reserve System kunye nolawulo lwangaphakathi lwebhanki inokutyholwa ngokubeka iliso. Ukucinga okuphosakeleyo kufana kakhulu neempazamo kwingqiqo eyenziwa ngumngcakazi xa eqikelela umngcipheko wakhe kunye nentlawulo enokwenzeka. Yingqondo. Kubonakala ngathi abaphathi be-SVB banokuba lixhoba lokucinga okufanayo onokukubona kwivili le-roulette.

Umzekeliso omhle wolo hlobo lokucinga wabonwa ngobunye ubusuku 1863 kwi Monte Carlo Casino, Monaco. Amabali okuphumelela kwintsomi kunye nelahleko eyintlekele eMonte Carlo ayintsomi. Ukwazi ixesha lokuhamba, omnye wabaphumeleleyo abakhulu kwikhasino wagoduka ngaphezu kwesigidi seedola edlala iroulette. Omnye umngcakazi, uCharles Wells, wafumana isiqhulo esithi "Indoda eyaphula ibhanki eMonte Carlo" xa yenza kanye loo nto 6 amaxesha ngaphezu 3 iintsuku 1891, kwakhona kwi roulette.^[1]

("Kwitafile yeRoulette eMonte Carlo" uEdvard Munch, ngo-1892 imvelaphi.)

Abadlali beNgcakazo

Ngomhla we-18 ku-Agasti, ngo-1913 abadlali kwitafile ye-roulette baphathwe kwisiganeko esinqabileyo kunokuphumelela ilotho ye-Powerball. Ngokufuthi kusalathwa njengomzekelo wezinto ezingathi sína, ibhola emhlophe yawela kumnyama izihlandlo ezingama-26 ngokulandelelanayo. Ebudeni kolo gqatso lungaqhelekanga, abangcakazi babeqinisekile ukuba ubomvu bumele bubekho. Ngokomzekelo, emva kokubaleka kwe-5 okanye i-10 emnyama, ukubeka imali yakho phantsi ebomvu yinto eqinisekileyo. Leyo bubuxoki bomngcakazi. Iifranc ezininzi zalahleka ngaloo mini njengoko ziphindaphindeka kabini ukubheja ngakunye, ngakumbi nangakumbi ukuqiniseka ngakumbi nge-spin nganye ukuba babenakho ukuyibetha enkulu.

Amathuba okuba ibhola yeroulette ihlale kumnyama (okanye ebomvu) incinci ngaphantsi kwe50%. (38 kwiindawo zokubeka kwi roulette ivili zahlulwe 16 ebomvu, 16 abamnyama, a oluhlaza 0 kunye eluhlaza 00.) Nganye spin izimele. Ayiphenjelelwa yi-spin phambi kwayo. Ke, yonke i-spin inamathuba afanayo. Ngokunokwenzeka, ngaphaya komgangatho wekhasino kwiitafile zeBlackjack, ukucinga okuchaseneyo kwakudlalwa. Umdlali wabetha u-17 waza wenyuka u-4. Ume ku-15 aze umthengisi aqhume. Uzoba i-19 kwaye ubethe i-17 yomthengisi. Unesandla esishushu. Akakwazi ukulahlekelwa. Ubhejo ngalunye alubekayo lukhulu. Ukwimeko entle. Oku kwakhona ubuxoki umngcakazi.

Inyaniso kukuba kushushu okanye kuyabanda, “Lady Luck” okanye “Miss Fortune”, amathuba awatshintshi. Amathuba okuphethula ingqekembe yemali kwaye ube nayo emhlabeni entloko emva kokuphosa imisila emi-5 iyafana ncam netosi yokuqala. Ngokufanayo nevili le-roulette. Ngokufanayo namakhadi.

zimali

Kuyabonakala ukuba, abatyali-mali bacinga njengabangcakazi. Kufuneka bakhunjuzwe ekupheleni kwentengiso nganye yeenkonzo zezimali ukuba "ukusebenza kwangaphambili ayisosalathisi okanye isiqinisekiso seziphumo zexesha elizayo." A kutsha nje umbiko iqinisekisile ukuba iziphumo "ziyangqinelana noluvo lokuba umsebenzi wembali unxulunyaniswa ngokungenamkhethe nokusebenza kwexesha elizayo."

omnye qoqosho baye baqinisekisa le ngqalelo kubatyalo-mali ababambe amasheya alahlekelwa yixabiso kwaye athengise amasheya afumanayo. Oku kuziphatha kukhokelela ekuthengiseni abaphumeleleyo kwangoko kwaye kubambe abalahlekileyo ixesha elide. Umtyalo-mali ophosakeleyo ucinga ukuba ingaba isitokhwe siqhuba kakuhle okanye singalunganga, i-tide iya kuguquka. Ngamanye amazwi, intengo yexabiso lesitokhwe ayiyona nto kuphela ekufuneka imisele isicwangciso sakho sotyalo-mali.

Iibhanki

Iibhanki azikhuselekanga kwingqiqo ephosakeleyo, nokuba. Abaphathi kwi I-Silicon Valley Bank wadlala iqhinga elithile lemali. Abaphathi be-SVB basebenzise isikimu apho baye bafihla ngengqondo iimetriki ezingundoqo zomngcipheko. Enye yeendlela iibhanki ezenza ngayo imali kukwenza utyalo-mali kwii-asethi zexesha elide ezifana neebhondi, iimali-mboleko okanye iimali-mboleko. Ibhanki ifumana imali idlala usasazo lwenzala efunyenwe kwezo asethi kunye nenzala ehlawulweyo kumatyala exeshana elifutshane. I-SVB yenza ubhejo olukhulu kwiibhondi zexesha elide.

Iibhanki ziphantsi kwee-arhente ezilawulayo ezifana ne-Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) ebeka iliso kwiimetriki eziphambili zomngcipheko kunye nokunciphisa isixa semali abanokuba nayo kuyo nayiphi na indawo ethile. Iibhanki kulindeleke ukuba zibe nezenzo zolawulo lomngcipheko olomeleleyo endaweni, kubandakanywa nokuvavanya kunye ukubeka esweni imingcipheko ezinxulumene notyalo-mali lwabo. Kufuneka ukuba benze iimvavanyo zoxinzelelo ukuze bavavanye impembelelo enokubakho yeemeko zoqoqosho ezimbi kwimpilo yabo yezemali. Ii-KPIs eziqikelelwayo ze-SVB zibonise ukuba kuya kubakho impembelelo enkulu yezemali ekusasazeni ababedlala ukuba kukho ukunyuka kwamazinga enzala. Kwindawo yobugcisa, ibhanki ibingafuneki ukuba inike ingxelo “ngelahleko yamaphepha” yepotfoliyo yetyala kuba uninzi lwayo lwahlelwa “njengolugcinwe ekuvuthweni.”

Inyathelo elifanelekileyo ekumele lithatyathwe yayikukucutha umngcipheko webhanki onxulumene nenzala kunye nokwahluka ngokutshala imali kwenye indawo, njengeenkonzo zotshintshiselwano lwemali yangaphandle, ukunyuka imirhumo yekhadi letyala okanye ukuyeka ukunika iithosta.

Endaweni yoko, abenzi bezigqibo eziphambili bacinga ukuba impumelelo yokuqala yebhanki iya kuqhubeka. Kwakhona, ubuxoki bomngcakazi. Abaphathi beBhanki yaseSilicon Valley bayitshintsha indlela yeeKPIs. Ngoko ke, bathatha isibane esibomvu esiya kubonisa umngcipheko kunye noshintsho kwiqhinga kwaye bapeyinta eluhlaza. Xa bafika kwindawo ekudibanela kuyo umqondiso wezithuthi opeyintiweyo oluhlaza xa amaxabiso enzala aqalisa ukunyuka ngokuqinisekileyo kwakungekho nto banokuyenza ngaphandle kokuba baqalise ukuthengisa ii-asethi - ngelahleko! Le bhanki ithengiswe ngezinto zayo zokhuseleko ukuze inyuse imali ikhokelele kwilahleko ye-1.8 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwixesha elifutshane. Oku kwabenza boyika abagcini bebhanki. Akukho mntu wayecinga ukuba imali yabo yayikhuselekile. Abathengi barhola i-42 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngosuku olunye. Boom! Ngobusuku i-Feds yangena kwaye yathatha ulawulo.

Babheja ibhanki (ngokoqobo) ekucingeni ukuba banesandla esishushu kwaye i-spin elandelayo yevili le-roulette yayiza kuphuma emnyama kwakhona.

uhlalutyo

Uvavanyo lokufa phendla ukuba ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sempahla yayo ibotshelelwe kwizibambiso zexesha elide. Oko kunye nokukhula okukhawulezayo okubotshelelwe kubuchwephesha beSilicon Valley kunye nokuqalwa kwezempilo kukhokelele ekuvezweni okukhulu. Ngokumalunga nokulandela iingcebiso zabo malunga nokwahluka, ibhanki ibambe kuphela i-4% yempahla yayo kwii-akhawunti ezingenanzala ngelixa ihlawula kakhulu kunezinye iibhanki kwiidiphozithi ezinenzala.

isisombululo

Isisombululo sokugcina iibhanki ezongezelelweyo zilandela emanyathelweni eSilicon Valley Bank zimbini.

1. Ukuqonda. Abagcini bebhanki, njengabatyali-mali kunye nabangcakazi, kufuneka baqaphele iimpazamo kwingqiqo ezinokudlala ngathi ubuchopho bethu. Ukuqonda nokwamkela ukuba unengxaki linyathelo lokuqala ekusombululeni ingxaki.
2. Izikhuselo. Itekhnoloji inokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ukugcina ukungaphumeleli okunje kungenzeki. UMthetho we-Sarbanes-Oxley we-2002 wenziwa, ngokuyinxenye, ukukhusela uluntu ekungakhathalini kwemali. Amaziko emali aphicothwa kulawulo lwawo lwangaphakathi. Ulawulo lwangaphakathi yimigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo “zokuqinisekisa imfezeko yolwazi lwezemali nocwangciso-mali, ukukhuthaza ukuphendula nokuthintela ubuqhophololo.”

Iibhanki kufuneka ziseke ezomeleleyo iinkqubo zolawulo lwangaphakathi ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kwengxelo yezemali. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuphumeza ulawulo oluzenzekelayo, ukwahlula imisebenzi, kunye nokuseka umsebenzi wophicotho-zincwadi ozimeleyo ukuchonga ubuthathaka nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa. Itekhnoloji ayinakuthatha indawo yolawulo oluluqilima lwangaphakathi, kodwa inokunceda ukunyanzelisa. Njengesixhobo, itekhnoloji inokuqinisekisa ukuba iitshekhi kunye neebhalansi ziyalandelwa.

Itekhnoloji kufuneka ibe sembindini wokubeka iliso kulawulo nolawulo kwaye kufuneka ibe yinxalenye yenkqubo nganye yolawulo lomngcipheko. Kwi-Federal Reserve Bank vavanyo, obu bubuthathaka obuphambili obunegalelo ekubhubheni kwe-SVB. Iinkqubo ezibonelela ngolwazi malunga notshintsho kwidatha zibaluleke kakhulu, kungekuphela nje kulawulo, kodwa kubuchule bokwenza uhlalutyo lwe-forensic emva kwenyani.

Shintsha ulawulo yinkqubo yokucwangcisa, ukuphumeza, kunye nokulawula utshintsho kwiinkqubo zesoftware ngendlela eyakhiweyo necwangcisiweyo. Njengoko siye sabonisa kwenye indawo malunga namashishini aphantsi kweSarbanes-Oxley,

"Enye yeemfuno eziphambili zokuthotyelwa kweSarbanes-Oxley Act kukuchaza ulawulo olukhoyo kunye nendlela utshintsho lwedatha okanye izicelo kufuneka zirekhodwe ngokucwangcisiweyo. Ngamanye amazwi, uqeqesho loLawulo loTshintsho. Ukhuseleko, idatha kunye nokufikelela kwisoftware kufuneka kubekwe iliso, kunye nokuba, ukuba iinkqubo ze-IT azisebenzi ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuthobela akuxhomekeke ekuchazeni imigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo zokukhusela indalo esingqongileyo, kodwa nasekuyenzeni ngenene loo nto kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe nako ukungqina ukuba yenziwe. Njengobungqina bamapolisa bokugcina, ukuthobela iSarbanes-Oxley yomelele njengelona khonkco libuthathaka. "

Okufanayo kunokuthiwa ngemimiselo yebhanki, kodwa nangaphezulu.

Ulawulo kufuneka lube kwindawo ukukhusela kuyo nayiphi na enye umdlali ongalunganga. Utshintsho kufuneka luphicotheke. Abaphicothi-zincwadi bangaphakathi, kwakunye nabaphicothi-zincwadi bangaphandle nabalawuli, kufuneka babe nako ukuphinda bakheke ngokutsha uthotho lweziganeko baze baqinisekise ukuba iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zilandelwe. Ngokuphumeza ezi ngcebiso zolawulo lwangaphakathi kunye notshintsho lolawulo, iibhanki zinokunciphisa umngcipheko, ziqinisekise ukuthotyelwa kweemfuneko zolawulo, kwaye ekugqibeleni zithintele ukungaphumeleli. (Umfanekiso: Umdlali ongalunganga.)

Ngolawulo olululo lwenguqulelo kunye nokutshintsha kobuchwephesha bolawulo endaweni yokubeka iliso kutshintsho kwiimethrikhi ezifana ne-KPIs, kunye nemigaqo ekhoyo yokuvuma kunye nokusayina kwiinguqu, ukungaphumeleli kwentlekele kwe-SVB akunakwenzeka ukuba kuphindwe kwakhona kwezinye iibhanki. Ngokufutshane, uxanduva lokuphendula lunokunyanzeliswa. Utshintsho kwiimethrikhi eziphambili kufuneka lulandele inkqubo. Ngubani owenza olo tshintsho? Lwaluyintoni utshintsho? Kwaye lwenziwa nini utshintsho? Ngezi zinto zedatha zirekhodwa ngokuzenzekelayo, kunokubakho isihendo esincinci sokuzama ukugqitha kulawulo lwangaphakathi.

Ucaphulo

1. Imodeli yomngcipheko yeSilicon Valley Bank yadanyaza ebomvu. Ke abaphathi bayo bayitshintshile, iWashington Post
2. Kutheni sicinga ukuba isiganeko esingalindelekanga sinokwenzeka ukuba senzeke izihlandlo ezininzi kwixesha elidlulileyo? ILebhu yesiGqibo
3. I-autopsy ye-Fed kwi-SVB iphosakele ulawulo lwebhanki - kunye nokongamela kwayo, i-CNN
4. Ukuphononongwa koLawulo lweFederal Reserve kunye noLawulo lweSilicon Valley Bank, iFederal Reserve System
5. IBhanki yeSilicon Valley iyawa kunye nePolycrisis, iForbes
6. Uphononongo lungqina iziphumo ezidlulileyo musa ukuqikelela iziphumo ezizayo, iForbes
7. Iinyani ezingaziwayo malunga neMonaco: Casino de Monte-Carlo, Molo Monaco
8. Ulawulo lwangaphakathi: Inkcazo, iintlobo, kunye nokubaluleka, i-Investopedia

1. UWells wafa elihlwempu ngowe-1926. ↑