Ilungiselela Ukuya kwiLifu

Ngoku sikwishumi lesibini leminyaka yokwamkelwa kwamafu. Kangange-92% yamashishini asebenzisa i-computing yamafu ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Ubhubhani ube ngumqhubi wamva nje wemibutho ukuba yamkele itekhnoloji yamafu. Ukuhambisa ngempumelelo idatha eyongezelelweyo, iiprojekthi kunye nezicelo kwilifu kuxhomekeke kulungiselelo, ukucwangcisa kunye nokulindela ingxaki.  

1. Ukulungiselela imalunga nedatha kunye nolawulo lomntu lwedatha kunye neziseko ezixhasayo.
2. Cwangciso ibalulekile. Isicwangciso kufuneka siqulathe imiba ethile engundoqo.
3. Ulawulo lweengxaki kukwazi ukubona kwangaphambili iindawo ezinokuthi zibe yingxaki kunye nokukwazi ukuzihambela xa zidibene.  

Izinto ezine kwiShishini ekufuneka liyenze ukuze liphumelele kwiLifu, kunye ne-7 Gotchas

Ishishini lakho liza kuhamba liye efini. Ke, mandiyichaze kwakhona ukuba, ukuba ishishini lakho lizakuba yimpumelelo, lizakuhamba liye kwi ilifu - oku kukuthi, ukuba alikho kakade. Ukuba sele ulapho, mhlawumbi ngewungayifundi le. Inkampani yakho icinga phambili kwaye ijonge ukuthatha ithuba lazo zonke izibonelelo zelifu esixubushe ngalo kwelinye inqaku. Ukusukela ngo-2020, iipesenti ezingama-92 zamashishini asebenzisa ilifu ukusa kwinqanaba elithile kwaye i-50% yazo zonke iinkcukacha zenkampani sele zisefini.

Ulwakhiwo lwesilivere kwilifu le-COVID: ubhubhane unyanzelise ishishini ukuba lijonge ngakumbi kubuchule bamafu ukuxhasa iparadigm entsha yabasebenzi abakude. Ilifu libhekisa kuzo zombini iinkcukacha ezinkulu ugcino kunye nezicelo eziqhubekekisa loo datha.  Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zokufudukela kwilifu kukufumana inzuzo yokukhuphisana ngokuguquguquka kunye nokufumana ulwazi olutsha kwiinqanawa zedatha.   

Inkampani ehlalutyayo Gartner ipapasha rhoqo ingxelo exubusha “ngobugcisa neendlela ezibonisa isithembiso sokuzisa ukhuphiswano oluphezulu kwiminyaka emihlanu ukuya kweli-10 ezayo.” Kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo, Umjikelo we-Hype ka-Gartner ka-2012 kwi-Cloud Computing ibeke i-Cloud Computing kunye ne-Public Cloud Storage kwi-"Trough of Disillusional" ngaphaya nje "kweNcopho yoLindo oluNxulukileyo." Ngaphaya koko, iDatha enkulu yayingena “kwiNcopho yoLindo oluNxulukileyo”. Bobathathu banethafa elilindelekileyo kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5. I-Software njengeNkonzo (i-SaaS) ibekwe nguGartner kwisigaba "se-Slope of Enlightenment" kunye ne-plateau elindelekileyo ye-2 kwiminyaka eyi-5.

Kwi-2018, iminyaka emithandathu kamva, "i-Cloud Computing" kunye "neSigcini seLifu loLuntu" yayikwisigaba esithi "Slope of Enlightenment" kunye ne-plateau eqikelelweyo engaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-2. "Isoftware njengeNkonzo" yayifikelele kwithafa.  Inqaku lelokuba kukho ukwamkelwa okubalulekileyo kwelifu loluntu ngeli xesha.  

Namhlanje, ngo-2022, i-computing yefu ngoku ikwishumi lesibini leminyaka yokwamkelwa kwaye ngoku iyitekhnoloji engagqibekanga kwizicelo ezitsha.  As Gartner ibeka oku, “Ukuba ayilolifu, lilifa.” UGartner uqhubeka esithi impembelelo ye-computing yefu kwintlangano yinguqu. Imibutho kufuneka ijongane njani nolu tshintsho?

Le tshathi ichaza ngokubanzi ukuba kuthetha ukuthini ukuba iteknoloji ikwisigaba esithile. 

Imibutho kufuneka iyijonge njani inguqu yesebe?

Kwinkqubo yabo yokwamkelwa kwefu, imibutho kufuneka yenze izigqibo, iseke imigaqo-nkqubo emitsha, idale iinkqubo ezintsha kunye nokujongana nemingeni ethile. Nalu uluhlu lweendawo ezithile onokuthi uzisombulule ukuze uqiniseke ukuba indlu yakho ilungile: 

1. Uqeqesho, ukuqeqeshwa kwakhona okanye iindima ezintsha.  Ekwamkeleni ilifu likawonke-wonke lokugcinwa kwedatha okanye ukusebenzisa usetyenziso, uye wakhupha inkxaso kunye nokugcinwa kweziseko ezingundoqo. Usafuna ubuchule bendlu yokulawula umthengisi kunye nokufikelela kwidatha. Ngaphaya koko, kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba ungazisebenzisa njani izixhobo ezitsha onazo kuhlalutyo lwengqondo kunye nesayensi yedatha.     
2. Idatha.  Imalunga nedatha. Idatha yimali entsha. Sithetha ngeDatha eNkulu- idatha edibana nobuncinci ezinye V's yenkcazo. Ekushukumeni kwilifu, ubuncinci idatha yakho iya kuba sefini. Ukuba "ukho konke", idatha yakho iya kugcinwa efini kwaye iqhutywe efini.

A. Ukufumaneka kwedatha. Ngaba izicelo zakho ezikhoyo kwi-prem zifikelela kwidatha efini? Ngaba idata yakho apho kufuneka ukuba iqhubekeke? Ngaba kufuneka wenze ibhajethi yexesha kwiprojekthi yakho yokufuduka kwilifu ukuze uhambise idatha yakho kwilifu? Ingaba iza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani? Ngaba kufuneka uphuhlise iinkqubo ezintsha ukuze ufumane idatha yakho yokuthengiselana kwilifu? Ukuba unenjongo yokwenza i-AI okanye ukufundwa komatshini, kufuneka kubekho idatha yoqeqesho eyaneleyo ukuhlangabezana nenqanaba elifunwayo lokuchaneka nokuchaneka.

B. Ukusebenziseka kwedatha. Ngaba idatha yakho ikwifomathi enokuthi isetyenziswe ngabantu kunye nezixhobo eziza kufikelela kwidatha? Ngaba unokwenza "i-lift-and-shift" kwindawo yokugcina idatha? Okanye, ingaphuculwa ukusebenza? 

C. Umgangatho wedatha. Umgangatho wedatha apho izigqibo zakho zixhomekeke khona unokuchaphazela umgangatho wezigqibo zakho. Ulawulo, abaphathi bedatha, ulawulo lwedatha, mhlawumbi umgcini wedatha unokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwamkelweni kohlalutyo lokuqonda efini. Thatha ixesha ngaphambi kokuba ufudukele idatha kwilifu ukuvavanya umgangatho wedatha yakho. Akukho nto ikhathazayo njengokufumanisa ukuba ufudukele kwidatha ongayidingiyo.

D. Ukuhluka kunye nokungaqiniseki kwidatha enkulu. Idatha isenokungangqinelani okanye ingaphelelanga. Ekuvavanyeni idatha yakho kunye nendlela ojonge ukuyisebenzisa ngayo, ngaba kukho izithuba? Ngoku lixesha lokulungisa imiba eyaziwayo enxulumene nemigangatho yoshishino ngokubanzi kwidatha. Beka emgangathweni kuwo onke amaziko okunika ingxelo kwizinto ezilula ezifana nemilinganiselo yexesha, uluhlu lwejografi. Chaza loo mthombo mnye wenyaniso.   

E. Unyino olukhoyo kwidatha enkulu ngokwayo. Inani elikhulu leziphumo ezinokuthi zifune ukuba ingcali yesizinda ivavanye iziphumo zokubaluleka. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba umbuzo wakho ubuyisela iirekhodi ezininzi, uya kwenza njani wena njengomntu? Ukuyihluza ngakumbi kwaye unciphise inani leerekhodi, ukuze isetyenziswe ngumntu ongeyena umntu obalaseleyo, kuya kufuneka wazi ishishini elisemva kwedatha.

     3. Ukuxhasa isiseko/iziseko ze-IT. Qwalasela onke amalungu ashukumayo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ayizizo zonke iinkcukacha zakho eziya kuba sefini. Abanye basenokuba sefini. Ezinye kwizakhiwo. Ukanti enye idata inokuba ikhona omnye ilifu lomthengisi. Ingaba unayo idayagram yokuhamba kwedatha? Ngaba ukulungele ukusuka ekulawulweni kwehardware yenyama uye kulawulo lwabathengisi abalawula ihardware yomzimba? Ngaba uyayiqonda imida yendawo yelifu? Ngaba unike ingxelo ngesakhono sokuxhasa idatha engacwangciswanga kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili beqonga. Ngaba usenakho ukusebenzisa i-SDK efanayo, i-API, izixhobo zedatha obuzisebenzisa kwindawo? Kuya kufuneka ukuba zibhalwe kwakhona. Kuthekani nge-ETL yakho ekhoyo yokulayisha indawo yokugcina idatha kwiinkqubo zokuthengiselana? Izikripthi ze-ETL kuya kufuneka zibhalwe kwakhona.

     4. Ukucokisa iindima. Abasebenzisi banokufuna ukuphinda baqeqeshwe kwizicelo ezitsha kunye nendlela yokufikelela kwidatha efini. Rhoqo idesktop okanye inkqubo yenethiwekhi inokuba negama elifanayo okanye elifanayo njengelinikezelwe kwilifu. Nangona kunjalo, inokusebenza ngokwahlukileyo, okanye ibe neseti eyahlukileyo.  

Ukuba umbutho wakho unzulu malunga nokufudukela efini kunye nokwenza uninzi lwe-analytics, akukho ngxoxo-mpikiswano yokuba intshukumo inokubonelela ngexabiso elibalulekileyo leshishini kunye nezoqoqosho. Ukuthetha ngokoqobo, ukuze ufike apho ukusuka apha, kuya kufuneka: 

1. Seka umqulu.  

A. Ngaba ubuchazile umda weprojekthi yakho?  

B. Ngaba unayo inkxaso-mali yesigqeba?

C. Ngubani - zeziphi iindima - ekufuneka zibandakanywe kwiprojekthi? Ngubani umzobi oyintloko? Bubuphi ubuchule okufuneka uthembele kumthengisi wefu?

D. Yintoni injongo yokugqibela? Ngendlela, injongo "ayikufudukela efini". Zeziphi iingxaki ozama ukuzisombulula?

E. Chaza iindlela zakho zokuphumelela. Uza kwazi njani ukuba uphumelele?

2. Fumanisa. Qala ekuqaleni. Thatha uluhlu. Fumana into onayo. Phendula imibuzo:

A. Yeyiphi idatha esinayo?

B. Iphi idatha?

C. Zeziphi iinkqubo zoshishino ekufuneka zixhaswe? Zeziphi iinkcukacha ezifunwa zizo ezo nkqubo?

D. Zeziphi izixhobo kunye nezicelo esizisebenzisayo ngoku ukukhohlisa idatha?

E. Yintoni ubungakanani kunye nobunzima bedatha?

F. Yintoni esiza kuba nayo? Zeziphi izicelo ezikhoyo efini kumthengisi wethu?

G. Siza kudibanisa njani kwidatha? Ngawaphi amazibuko aya kufuneka avulwe efini?

H. Ngaba kukho nayiphi na imimiselo okanye iimfuno eziyalela ukuba bucala okanye iimfuno zokhuseleko? Ngaba kukho ii-SLA ezinabathengi ekufuneka zigcinwe?  

I. Ngaba uyazi ukuba iindleko ziya kubalwa njani kusetyenziso lwamafu?

3. Vavanya kwaye uvavanye. 

A. Yeyiphi idatha esizimisele ukuyihambisa?

B. Vavanya iindleko. Ngoku usazi umda kunye nomthamo wedatha, ukwimeko engcono yokuchaza uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali.

C. Chaza izikhewu ezikhoyo phakathi kwezinto onazo ngoku kunye nezinto olindele ukuba nazo. Siphosa ntoni?

D. Bandakanya ukufuduka kovavanyo ukubonisa into oyiphosileyo kwithiyori.

E. Bandakanya uVavanyo loKwamkeleka koMsebenzisi kwesi sigaba nakwisigaba sokugqibela.

F. Yeyiphi imiceli mngeni onokuyilindela ukuze ukwazi ukwakha iimeko ezinokuvela kwisigaba esilandelayo?

G. Zeziphi iingozi ezichongiweyo?

4. Cwangcisa. Misela i-a road imephu. 

A. Zeziphi izinto eziphambili ngokubaluleka? Yintoni eza kuqala? Yintoni ulandelelwano?

B. Yintoni ongayibandakanyiyo? Ungawunciphisa njani umda?

C. Ingaba liya kubakho ixesha lokuqhubekeka ngokuhambelanayo?

D. Ithini indlela yokujonga? Indlela yokujonga inxenye / ngokwezigaba?

E. Ngaba uyichazile indlela yokhuseleko?

F. Ngaba uchaze ugcino lwedatha kunye nezicwangciso zokubuyisela intlekele?

G. Sithini isicwangciso sonxibelelwano - sangaphakathi kwiprojekthi, kubachaphazelekayo, kubasebenzisi bokugqibela?

5. Yakha. Fuduka. Uvavanyo. Qalisa.

A. Sebenza isicwangciso. Yihlaziywe ngamandla ngokusekwe kulwazi olutsha.

B. Yakha kumandla akho embali kunye nempumelelo kwisiseko sakho se-IT yelifa kwaye uqale ukuthatha inzuzo yeDatha enkulu kunye neenzuzo zokuhlalutya kwengqondo.       

6. Phinda ubhale kwaye usulungekise.  

A. Unokuziyeka nini iiseva ezihleli zingasebenzi?

B. Kukuphi ukuhlaziya oye wafumanisa ukuba kufuneka kwenziwe?

C. Yeyiphi i-optimizations enokwenziwa kwidatha yakho efini?  

D. Zeziphi izicelo ezintsha zedatha onokuzisebenzisa ngoku efini?

E. Leliphi inqanaba elilandelayo? I-AI, ukufunda koomatshini, uhlalutyo oluphambili?

Gotchas

ezinye Kwimithombo bathi kangangangama-70% eeprojekthi zetekhnoloji aziphumeleli zizonke okanye aziphelelanga. Ngokucacileyo, kuxhomekeke kwingcaciso yakho   ukusilela. Enye umthombo bafumanise ukuba i-75% yayicinga ukuba iprojekthi yabo yayitshabalele kwasekuqaleni. Oko kusenokuthetha ukuba i-5% iphumelele nangona kukho iingxaki ezichasene nabo. Amava am andixelela ukuba kukho iqhezu elibalulekileyo leeprojekthi zetekhnoloji ezinokungaze ziphume emhlabeni okanye zisilele ukuphumeza ngokupheleleyo ulindelo oluthenjisiweyo. Kukho imixholo eqhelekileyo ezabelana ngazo ezo projekthi. Njengoko uqalisa ukucwangcisa ukufudukela kwakho kwilifu, nantsi into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele. Ukuba awenzi njalo, zifana nekarma embi, okanye inqaku letyala elibi - kungekudala okanye kamva, baya kukuluma ezantsi.:

1. Ubunini. Umntu omnye kufuneka abe ngumnikazi weprojekthi ngokwembono yolawulo. Kwangaxeshanye, bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kufuneka bazive betyaliwe njengabachaphazelekayo.
2. ixabiso. Ngaba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwabiwe? Ngaba uyawazi umlinganiselo weenyanga ezili-12 ezizayo kunye noqikelelo lweendleko eziqhubekayo? Ngaba kukho naziphi na iindleko ezinokubakho ezifihlakeleyo? Ngaba ukhe wafaka nayiphi na i-flotsam engaphezulu kunye nejetsam ukulungiselela ukuhamba. Awufuni ukususa idatha engazukusetyenziswa, okanye engathenjwa.       
3. ubunkokheli. Ngaba iprojekthi ixhaswa ngokupheleleyo ngabaphathi? Ngaba okulindelweyo kunye nenkcazo yempumelelo iyinyani? Ngaba iinjongo zihambelana nombono kunye nesicwangciso soshishino?
4. Ulawulo lweprokjekthi. Ngaba amaxesha, umda kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali luyinyani? Ngaba kukho "imikhosi" efuna ixesha elifutshane lokuhambisa, umthamo owandisiweyo kunye / okanye iindleko eziphantsi okanye abantu abambalwa? Ngaba kukho ukuqonda okuqinileyo kwiimfuno? Ngaba ziyinyaniso yaye zichazwe kakuhle?
5. Ezengqesho. Itekhnoloji yinxalenye elula. Yinto yabantu enokuba ngumngeni. Ukufudukela kwilifu kuya kuzisa utshintsho. Abantu abaluthandi utshintsho. Kufuneka ubeke izinto ozilindeleyo ngokufanelekileyo. Ngaba abasebenzi aboneleyo nabafanelekileyo baye banikezelwa kweli phulo? Okanye, ngaba uye wazama ukudweba ixesha kubantu abasele bexakeke kakhulu ngomsebenzi wabo wosuku? Ngaba uyakwazi ukugcina iqela elizinzileyo? Iiprojekthi ezininzi ziyasilela ngenxa yokutshintsha kwabasebenzi abaphambili.  
6. iingozi. Ngaba imingcipheko ichongiwe kwaye ilawulwe ngempumelelo?  
7. Ukuqhubela phambili. Ngaba uye wakwazi ukuchonga izinto ezingaphaya kolawulo lwakho kodwa ezinokuchaphazela unikezelo? Qwalasela isiphumo sotshintsho kubunkokeli. Ubhubhani wehlabathi liphela unokukuchaphazela njani ukukwazi kwakho ukuhlangabezana nemihla ebekiweyo kunye nokufumana izixhobo?  

I-Cloud Computing Hype Cycle ngo-2022

Ke iphi i-Cloud Computing, i-Public Cloud Storage kunye neSoftware njengeNkonzo kumjikelo wetekhnoloji okhulayo kaGartner namhlanje? Azikho. Azisekho iiteknoloji ezizayo. Azisekho elundini. Ziyinto eqhelekileyo, zilindele ukwamkelwa. Jonga ukukhula koku kulandelayo ubuchwepheshe obuvelayo: I-AI-Augmented Design, i-Generative AI, i-AI enolwazi nge-Physics kunye ne-Non Fungible Tokens.  

Iimbono ezikweli nqaku zanikwa okokuqala njengesiphelo kwinqaku elithi “Uhlahlelo lweCognitive: Ukwakha kwiSiseko se-IT seLifa lakho” ethiwe thaca kwi. Ijenali yoBuntlola kwiShishini leTDWI, uMqulu wama-22, iNombolo yesi-4.